Show removed metadata in strip UI after download

Extracts EXIF, ICC, IPTC, XMP metadata before stripping and displays
it in a card below the drop zone — camera make/model, GPS, date taken,
lens, exposure settings, etc. GPS location gets a warning highlight.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

package-lock.json

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
       "version": "1.0.0",
       "dependencies": {
         "archiver": "^6.0.2",
+        "exif-reader": "^2.0.3",
         "express": "^4.19.2",
         "libheif-js": "^1.18.0",
         "sharp": "^0.33.5"
@@ -805,6 +806,12 @@
         "bare-events": "^2.7.0"
       }
     },
+    "node_modules/exif-reader": {
+      "version": "2.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/exif-reader/-/exif-reader-2.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-zFbQvguwT9JkqyYhR7pjE1Yn8SagwaGLNRU0Oh14xFa1paSf5Gzxn4gxgk0XhnudI0UIqU+HgnBX93+nva592A==",
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
     "node_modules/express": {
       "version": "4.22.1",
       "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/express/-/express-4.22.1.tgz",