diff --git a/lib/apply/ashby.mjs b/lib/apply/ashby.mjs
index 13e83e9..f432514 100644
--- a/lib/apply/ashby.mjs
+++ b/lib/apply/ashby.mjs
@@ -1,11 +1,82 @@
 /**
  * ashby.mjs — Ashby ATS handler
- * Delegates to generic handler — Ashby forms are standard HTML forms
+ *
+ * Ashby forms have a consistent structure:
+ * - URLs ending in /application land directly on the form
+ * - Other URLs show a job listing with "Apply for this Job" button
+ * - Form fields: Name, Email, Resume (file), optional extras (phone, LinkedIn, etc.)
+ * - Resume input has id="_systemfield_resume"
+ * - There's also an "autofill from resume" file input — don't confuse with actual resume
+ * - "Upload file" buttons are type="submit" — must target "Submit Application" specifically
+ * - Invisible reCAPTCHA on submit
  */
-import { apply as genericApply } from './generic.mjs';
+import {
+  NAVIGATION_TIMEOUT, PAGE_LOAD_WAIT, FORM_FILL_WAIT, SUBMIT_WAIT
+} from '../constants.mjs';
 
 export const SUPPORTED_TYPES = ['ashby'];
 
 export async function apply(page, job, formFiller) {
-  return genericApply(page, job, formFiller);
+  const url = job.apply_url;
+  if (!url) return { status: 'no_button', meta: { title: job.title, company: job.company } };
+
+  const meta = { title: job.title, company: job.company };
+
+  // Navigate — append /application if not already there
+  const applyUrl = url.includes('/application') ? url : url.replace(/\/?(\?|$)/, '/application$1');
+  await page.goto(applyUrl, { waitUntil: 'domcontentloaded', timeout: NAVIGATION_TIMEOUT });
+  await page.waitForTimeout(PAGE_LOAD_WAIT);
+
+  // Check if we landed on the form or a listing page
+  const hasForm = await page.$('#_systemfield_name, input[name="_systemfield_name"]');
+  if (!hasForm) {
+    // Try clicking "Apply for this Job"
+    const applyBtn = page.locator('button:has-text("Apply for this Job"), a:has-text("Apply for this Job")').first();
+    if (await applyBtn.count() === 0) return { status: 'no_button', meta };
+    await applyBtn.click();
+    await page.waitForTimeout(FORM_FILL_WAIT);
+  }
+
+  // Check for closed listing
+  const closed = await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const text = (document.body.innerText || '').toLowerCase();
+    return text.includes('no longer accepting') || text.includes('position has been filled') ||
+      text.includes('no longer available') || text.includes('does not exist');
+  }).catch(() => false);
+  if (closed) return { status: 'closed', meta };
+
+  // Fill form fields
+  const unknowns = await formFiller.fill(page, formFiller.profile.resume_path);
+  if (unknowns[0]?.honeypot) return { status: 'skipped_honeypot', meta };
+  if (unknowns.length > 0) return { status: 'needs_answer', pending_question: unknowns[0], meta };
+
+  // Upload resume to the correct file input (not the autofill one)
+  const resumeInput = await page.$('#_systemfield_resume');
+  if (resumeInput && formFiller.profile.resume_path) {
+    await resumeInput.setInputFiles(formFiller.profile.resume_path).catch(() => {});
+    await page.waitForTimeout(1000);
+  }
+
+  // Click "Submit Application" specifically — NOT the "Upload file" buttons
+  const submitBtn = page.locator('button:has-text("Submit Application")').first();
+  if (await submitBtn.count() === 0) return { status: 'no_submit', meta };
+
+  await submitBtn.click();
+  await page.waitForTimeout(SUBMIT_WAIT);
+
+  // Verify submission
+  const postSubmit = await page.evaluate(() => {
+    const text = (document.body.innerText || '').toLowerCase();
+    return {
+      hasSuccess: text.includes('thank you') || text.includes('application submitted') ||
+        text.includes('application received') || text.includes('successfully'),
+      hasForm: !!document.querySelector('#_systemfield_name'),
+    };
+  }).catch(() => ({ hasSuccess: false, hasForm: false }));
+
+  if (postSubmit.hasSuccess || !postSubmit.hasForm) {
+    return { status: 'submitted', meta };
+  }
+
+  return { status: 'incomplete', meta };
 }