diff --git a/src/aacs/derive.rs b/src/aacs/derive.rs
index b0f9c37..ac436a7 100644
--- a/src/aacs/derive.rs
+++ b/src/aacs/derive.rs
@@ -595,7 +595,10 @@ mod resolve_candidate_tests {
             dk: None,
         };
         let dbg = format!("{c:?}");
-        assert!(!dbg.contains("213"), "ResolvedChain leaked unit keys: {dbg}");
+        assert!(
+            !dbg.contains("213"),
+            "ResolvedChain leaked unit keys: {dbg}"
+        );
         assert!(
             dbg.contains("unit_keys_len"),
             "ResolvedChain missing redaction: {dbg}"
diff --git a/src/aacs/resolve.rs b/src/aacs/resolve.rs
index a02ccf2..1009d42 100644
--- a/src/aacs/resolve.rs
+++ b/src/aacs/resolve.rs
@@ -498,7 +498,10 @@ mod tests {
         };
         let dbg = format!("{rk:?}");
         assert!(!dbg.contains("213"), "ResolvedKeys leaked keys: {dbg}");
-        assert!(dbg.contains("redacted"), "ResolvedKeys missing marker: {dbg}");
+        assert!(
+            dbg.contains("redacted"),
+            "ResolvedKeys missing marker: {dbg}"
+        );
     }
 
     /// Audit #5: the `major` / `from_major` mapping is load-bearing for the
diff --git a/src/aacs/variant.rs b/src/aacs/variant.rs
index a42eff1..b5b8eaf 100644
--- a/src/aacs/variant.rs
+++ b/src/aacs/variant.rs
@@ -660,8 +660,14 @@ mod tests {
             cvalue_index: 2,
         };
         let dbg = format!("{m:?}");
-        assert!(!dbg.contains("213"), "ProcessingKeyMatch leaked kp/cvalue: {dbg}");
-        assert!(dbg.contains("redacted"), "ProcessingKeyMatch missing marker: {dbg}");
+        assert!(
+            !dbg.contains("213"),
+            "ProcessingKeyMatch leaked kp/cvalue: {dbg}"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            dbg.contains("redacted"),
+            "ProcessingKeyMatch missing marker: {dbg}"
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]
diff --git a/src/css/mod.rs b/src/css/mod.rs
index 44ab12d..49448d0 100644
--- a/src/css/mod.rs
+++ b/src/css/mod.rs
@@ -390,7 +390,10 @@ mod tests {
             !dbg.contains("213"),
             "CssState Debug leaked the title key: {dbg}"
         );
-        assert!(dbg.contains("redacted"), "CssState Debug missing marker: {dbg}");
+        assert!(
+            dbg.contains("redacted"),
+            "CssState Debug missing marker: {dbg}"
+        );
     }
 
     // ── is_scrambled ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
diff --git a/src/disc/encrypt.rs b/src/disc/encrypt.rs
index 633b53c..4fa1b30 100644
--- a/src/disc/encrypt.rs
+++ b/src/disc/encrypt.rs
@@ -7,7 +7,6 @@ use crate::udf;
 
 /// Result of SCSI AACS handshake (ECDH authentication).
 /// Only available when scanning from a real drive, not ISO images.
-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub(super) struct HandshakeResult {
     pub volume_id: [u8; 16],
     pub read_data_key: Option<[u8; 16]>,
@@ -29,6 +28,19 @@ pub(super) struct HandshakeResult {
     pub drive_unlocked: bool,
 }
 
+// Redacting `Debug`: `volume_id` and `read_data_key` (the AACS 2.0 bus key) are
+// secret; print only shape. Guarded by `handshake_result_debug_is_redacted`.
+impl std::fmt::Debug for HandshakeResult {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_struct("HandshakeResult")
+            .field("volume_id", &"<redacted>")
+            .field("read_data_key", &self.read_data_key.map(|_| "<redacted>"))
+            .field("read_data_key_err", &self.read_data_key_err)
+            .field("drive_unlocked", &self.drive_unlocked)
+            .finish()
+    }
+}
+
 /// Single source of truth for "is AACS bus encryption gone for this scan?". The
 /// gate asks ONLY this — `if !removed { error }` — never enumerating cases. Bus
 /// encryption is gone when ANY of these holds:
@@ -428,6 +440,27 @@ mod tests {
     use crate::sector::SectorSource;
     use std::collections::HashMap;
 
+    /// `HandshakeResult` carries the Volume ID and the AACS 2.0 bus (read-data)
+    /// key; `Debug` must redact both. Sentinel 213 (0xD5).
+    #[test]
+    fn handshake_result_debug_is_redacted() {
+        let hs = HandshakeResult {
+            volume_id: [0xD5; 16],
+            read_data_key: Some([0xD5; 16]),
+            read_data_key_err: None,
+            drive_unlocked: false,
+        };
+        let d = format!("{hs:?}");
+        assert!(
+            !d.contains("213"),
+            "HandshakeResult leaked VID/bus key: {d}"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            d.contains("redacted"),
+            "HandshakeResult missing marker: {d}"
+        );
+    }
+
     // ---------------------------------------------------------------
     // In-memory disc + minimal UDF image with a single physical
     // partition (metadata_start == partition_start). Offsets cited
diff --git a/src/disc/mod.rs b/src/disc/mod.rs
index d208623..bca3d8f 100644
--- a/src/disc/mod.rs
+++ b/src/disc/mod.rs
@@ -1363,7 +1363,6 @@ impl DiscTitle {
 // ─── Encryption ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
 
 /// AACS decryption state for a disc.
-#[derive(Debug)]
 pub struct AacsState {
     /// AACS version (1 or 2)
     pub version: u8,
@@ -1394,6 +1393,28 @@ pub struct AacsState {
     pub mkb: Vec<u8>,
 }
 
+// Redacting `Debug`: `AacsState` is crate-root re-exported and reachable via the
+// public `Disc.aacs` field; it carries VUK / unit keys / read-data (bus) key /
+// volume id / raw .inf + MKB. Print only non-secret shape; redact every
+// key/secret field. Guarded by `aacs_state_and_key_debug_are_redacted`.
+impl std::fmt::Debug for AacsState {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        f.debug_struct("AacsState")
+            .field("version", &self.version)
+            .field("bus_encryption", &self.bus_encryption)
+            .field("mkb_version", &self.mkb_version)
+            .field("disc_hash", &self.disc_hash)
+            .field("key_source", &self.key_source)
+            .field("vuk", &self.vuk.map(|_| "<redacted>"))
+            .field("unit_keys_len", &self.unit_keys.len())
+            .field("read_data_key", &self.read_data_key.map(|_| "<redacted>"))
+            .field("volume_id", &"<redacted>")
+            .field("uk_ro_len", &self.uk_ro.len())
+            .field("mkb_len", &self.mkb.len())
+            .finish()
+    }
+}
+
 /// How AACS keys were resolved. Variants are ordered root-of-trust →
 /// per-disc-leaf, matching the resolver's path-try order: the resolver
 /// attempts derivation from the strongest input it has first and falls
@@ -2244,7 +2265,7 @@ impl Disc {
 /// point at one level of that chain; [`Disc::decrypt_with`] derives down from
 /// it to the per-CPS unit keys. New levels can be added without breaking
 /// callers.
-#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+#[derive(Clone)]
 #[non_exhaustive]
 pub enum Key {
     /// Device key(s) (AACS DK, positioned). libfreemkv walks the MKB
@@ -2273,6 +2294,22 @@ pub enum Key {
     Unit(Vec<(u32, [u8; 16])>),
 }
 
+// Redacting `Debug`: `Key` is crate-root re-exported and is the key-transport
+// type crossing `Disc::decrypt_with`; every variant carries raw key material.
+// Print only the variant name and count — never bytes. Guarded by
+// `aacs_state_and_key_debug_are_redacted`.
+impl std::fmt::Debug for Key {
+    fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
+        match self {
+            Key::Device(v) => write!(f, "Key::Device(<{} redacted>)", v.len()),
+            Key::Processing(v) => write!(f, "Key::Processing(<{} redacted>)", v.len()),
+            Key::Media(v) => write!(f, "Key::Media(<{} redacted>)", v.len()),
+            Key::Volume(_) => f.write_str("Key::Volume(<redacted>)"),
+            Key::Unit(v) => write!(f, "Key::Unit(<{} redacted>)", v.len()),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 /// True if `unit_keys` covers EVERY supplied scrambled content `sample` — the
 /// validation gate for [`Disc::decrypt_with`]. Conservative: a sample that is
 /// not AACS-scrambled proves nothing, and with no scrambled sample at all there
@@ -4188,6 +4225,40 @@ pub fn detect_max_batch_sectors(device_path: &str) -> u16 {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
+    /// `AacsState` (public via `Disc.aacs`) and `Key` (the key-transport enum)
+    /// must never print raw key bytes on `{:?}`. Sentinel 213 (0xD5); non-secret
+    /// fields below are not 213.
+    #[test]
+    fn aacs_state_and_key_debug_are_redacted() {
+        let st = AacsState {
+            version: 2,
+            bus_encryption: true,
+            mkb_version: Some(77),
+            disc_hash: "0xAA".into(),
+            key_source: KeyOrigin::ExternalUk,
+            vuk: Some([0xD5; 16]),
+            unit_keys: vec![(1, [0xD5; 16])],
+            read_data_key: Some([0xD5; 16]),
+            volume_id: [0xD5; 16],
+            uk_ro: vec![1, 2, 3],
+            mkb: vec![4, 5, 6],
+        };
+        let d = format!("{st:?}");
+        assert!(!d.contains("213"), "AacsState leaked key bytes: {d}");
+        assert!(d.contains("redacted"), "AacsState missing marker: {d}");
+
+        for k in [
+            Key::Unit(vec![(1, [0xD5; 16])]),
+            Key::Volume([0xD5; 16]),
+            Key::Processing(vec![[0xD5; 16]]),
+            Key::Media(vec![[0xD5; 16]]),
+        ] {
+            let d = format!("{k:?}");
+            assert!(!d.contains("213"), "Key leaked bytes: {d}");
+            assert!(d.contains("redacted"), "Key missing marker: {d}");
+        }
+    }
+
     // ── encrypted-content map (`merged_extents` core) ────────────────────────
 
     fn ext(start_lba: u32, sector_count: u32) -> Extent {