unified read-error handler + pass N size-aware skip

New disc/read_error.rs as the single entry point all read failures flow
through. Handler classifies the error, updates the in-flight context
(damage window, retry budgets, jump multiplier), and returns a
ReadAction the caller dispatches on. Pass 1 (sweep) refactored to use
it; ~340 lines of nested if/else collapsed into ~120 lines of action
dispatch. Adding a new error class = one match arm. Logging is in one
place. Bisect inner failures don't poison the damage window. Jump
multiplier capped at 64 (max 1 GB jump for batch=32 — observed prior
unbounded behavior produce a single 56 GB jump on a wedged drive).

Pass N (patch) damage_skip is now size-aware: each skip is capped at
range_remaining/4 rather than the absolute MB-scale escalation. The
old logic could leap over a 100-sector bad range that hides a 50-sector
good middle; size-aware convergence finds the good middles instead.

Tests in tests/pass_n_size_aware_skip.rs exercise the size-aware skip
against synthetic patterns (25-bad/50-good/25-bad and three good
middles in a row) and prove ≥98% of good middles are recovered.
Existing test test_disc_copy_marks_failed_ecc_blocks_as_nontrimmed
updated to reflect that MEDIUM_ERROR now triggers single-sector
bisect (which the BlockSizeFailingReader succeeds at).
This commit is contained in:
2026-05-07 09:08:43 -07:00
parent 054c262e25
commit 8c8c4724f3
5 changed files with 886 additions and 369 deletions
+374
View File
@@ -0,0 +1,374 @@
//! Single source of truth for what to do when a sector read fails.
//!
//! Both Pass 1 (`Disc::sweep`) and Pass 2-N (`Disc::patch`) call into
//! `handle_read_error` after every failed `read_sectors`. The handler
//! classifies the error, updates the in-flight context (counters,
//! damage window, retry budgets), and returns a `ReadAction` the caller
//! dispatches on. Every read goes through the same gate — no path can
//! silently skip pause/skip/jump/abort logic.
//!
//! Adding a new error class = add one arm in `handle_read_error`.
//! Adding new logging on errors = one place.
use crate::error::Error;
use crate::scsi;
/// In-flight bookkeeping a read loop must keep across iterations. The
/// handler reads and mutates this. Caller owns the storage.
pub struct ReadCtx {
/// Number of sectors per read attempt. The handler uses this to
/// decide whether to bisect (only worthwhile when batch > 1).
pub batch: u16,
/// Successful reads since the last failure. Resets to 0 on failure.
/// Used by callers to drive damage-zone exit / speed restoration.
pub consecutive_good: u64,
/// Failed reads since the last success. Resets to 0 on success.
/// Drives long-pause escalation on persistent failure.
pub consecutive_failures: u64,
/// Sliding window of recent read outcomes (true=ok, false=fail).
/// Capped at `damage_window_max`. Drives damage-jump decisions.
pub damage_window: Vec<bool>,
pub damage_window_max: usize,
pub damage_threshold_pct: usize,
/// Multiplier applied to damage-jump distance. Doubles each jump,
/// resets to 1 after `damage_window_max` consecutive good reads.
pub jump_multiplier: u64,
/// NOT_READY retries used so far for the current LBA. Reset to 0
/// on any non-NOT_READY response.
pub not_ready_retries: u32,
/// Bridge-degradation cooldowns used so far.
pub bridge_degradation_count: u32,
/// Whether we're currently inside a damage-jump bisect attempt.
/// Caller sets this true when entering single-sector mode for a
/// failed batch, so the handler doesn't recursively request another
/// bisect on the inner-sector failures.
pub bisecting: bool,
}
impl ReadCtx {
/// Initial context for a Pass 1 sweep with the documented constants.
pub fn for_sweep(batch: u16) -> Self {
Self {
batch,
consecutive_good: 0,
consecutive_failures: 0,
damage_window: Vec::with_capacity(16),
damage_window_max: 16,
damage_threshold_pct: 12,
jump_multiplier: 1,
not_ready_retries: 0,
bridge_degradation_count: 0,
bisecting: false,
}
}
/// Initial context for a Pass 2-N patch.
pub fn for_patch(batch: u16) -> Self {
Self {
batch,
consecutive_good: 0,
consecutive_failures: 0,
damage_window: Vec::with_capacity(16),
damage_window_max: 16,
damage_threshold_pct: 12,
jump_multiplier: 1,
not_ready_retries: 0,
bridge_degradation_count: 0,
bisecting: false,
}
}
/// Caller calls this after every successful read.
pub fn on_success(&mut self) {
self.consecutive_good += 1;
self.consecutive_failures = 0;
self.not_ready_retries = 0;
self.damage_window.push(true);
if self.damage_window.len() > self.damage_window_max {
self.damage_window.remove(0);
}
}
}
/// What the caller should do after a read failure. The caller owns the
/// I/O side-effects (sleep, write zeros, advance pos) — the handler
/// only decides which side-effects.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum ReadAction {
/// Pause `pause_secs` then retry the same LBA / batch. Used for
/// transient conditions (NOT_READY, bridge degradation) that the
/// drive may recover from on its own.
Retry { pause_secs: u64 },
/// Re-issue the failed batch as `batch` single-sector reads. Each
/// inner read is itself dispatched through `handle_read_error` with
/// `bisecting = true` so it cannot recurse.
Bisect,
/// Mark the failed range NonTrimmed (zero-fill, retry in Pass N+),
/// then pause `pause_secs` before resuming the next LBA.
SkipBlock { pause_secs: u64 },
/// Mark the failed range NonTrimmed AND advance position by
/// `sectors` (zero-filling the gap as NonTrimmed). Then pause
/// `pause_secs`. Used when the damage-window threshold is crossed.
JumpAhead { sectors: u64, pause_secs: u64 },
/// Unrecoverable at this layer. Caller propagates `Err` up to the
/// outer pass loop / autorip, which can attempt USB re-enumeration,
/// drop session, etc.
AbortPass,
}
// Pause budget constants. Tuned from 2026-05-07 BU40N traces showing
// bridge wedges 524 ms after a 5.4-second internal ECC retry. The
// post-failure pauses give the drive — and the bridge — time to settle.
const POST_FAILURE_PAUSE_SECS: u64 = 1;
const CONSECUTIVE_FAIL_LONG_PAUSE_SECS: u64 = 5;
const CONSECUTIVE_FAIL_LONG_PAUSE_THRESHOLD: u64 = 10;
const POST_JUMP_EXTRA_PAUSE_SECS: u64 = 2;
const NOT_READY_PAUSE_SECS: u64 = 3;
const NOT_READY_MAX_RETRIES: u32 = 3;
const BRIDGE_DEGRADATION_PAUSE_SECS: u64 = 15;
const BRIDGE_DEGRADATION_MAX_RETRIES: u32 = 5;
/// THE single error-handling entry point. Updates `ctx`, returns the
/// action the caller must apply.
///
/// New error class = add a new arm here. New logging on errors = add
/// it once at the top. New retry policy = adjust the constants. No
/// other read site needs to change.
pub fn handle_read_error(err: &Error, ctx: &mut ReadCtx) -> ReadAction {
ctx.consecutive_failures += 1;
ctx.consecutive_good = 0;
tracing::warn!(
target: "freemkv::disc",
phase = "read_error",
consecutive_failures = ctx.consecutive_failures,
batch = ctx.batch,
bisecting = ctx.bisecting,
sense_key = err.scsi_sense().map(|s| s.sense_key),
asc = err.scsi_sense().map(|s| s.asc),
ascq = err.scsi_sense().map(|s| s.ascq),
error = %err,
"read failed; classifying"
);
// 1. Transport failure: bridge crash / USB disconnect. The outer
// pass loop knows how to handle this (rediscover sg path,
// re-open drive). Inline single-sector retry here was tried in
// pre-v0.17.0 builds and observed to make wedges worse.
if err.is_scsi_transport_failure() {
return ReadAction::AbortPass;
}
// 2. Bridge degradation: NOT_READY with the well-known signature
// (sense_key=2, ASC=0x04, ASCQ=0x3E). Drive's bridge is in a
// semi-stuck state but typically recovers after a long cooldown.
// If we've exhausted our retry budget, fall through to the
// marginal/skip path below.
if err.is_bridge_degradation() && ctx.bridge_degradation_count < BRIDGE_DEGRADATION_MAX_RETRIES
{
ctx.bridge_degradation_count += 1;
return ReadAction::Retry {
pause_secs: BRIDGE_DEGRADATION_PAUSE_SECS,
};
}
let sense_key = err.scsi_sense().map(|s| s.sense_key).unwrap_or(0);
// 3. Generic NOT_READY (other ASC codes): drive's mechanical
// pickup may be moving. Pause and retry briefly.
if sense_key == scsi::SENSE_KEY_NOT_READY && ctx.not_ready_retries < NOT_READY_MAX_RETRIES {
ctx.not_ready_retries += 1;
return ReadAction::Retry {
pause_secs: NOT_READY_PAUSE_SECS,
};
}
if sense_key != scsi::SENSE_KEY_NOT_READY {
ctx.not_ready_retries = 0;
}
// 4. Hardware / illegal request: the drive said "no, won't do it".
// Retrying won't change the answer. Surface to the outer layer
// so it can eject + prompt user.
if sense_key == scsi::SENSE_KEY_HARDWARE_ERROR || sense_key == scsi::SENSE_KEY_ILLEGAL_REQUEST {
return ReadAction::AbortPass;
}
// 5. Marginal media (MEDIUM_ERROR / ABORTED_COMMAND) on a multi-
// sector batch: the drive can often read the same sectors
// individually. Bisect into single-sector reads (gentler on the
// bridge too — shorter SCSI transactions). Avoid recursive
// bisect.
let is_marginal = matches!(
sense_key,
scsi::SENSE_KEY_MEDIUM_ERROR | scsi::SENSE_KEY_ABORTED_COMMAND
);
if is_marginal && ctx.batch > 1 && !ctx.bisecting {
return ReadAction::Bisect;
}
// 6. Single-sector failure or unbisectable error — record in
// damage window, decide between skip-in-place vs damage-jump.
//
// SKIP damage-window updates while bisecting: the window
// represents per-batch outcomes, not per-sector. Updating it
// inside a bisect inner loop (potentially 32+ sector failures
// per batch) would over-weight the window and cause runaway
// JumpAhead distance via excessive multiplier doublings.
if !ctx.bisecting {
ctx.damage_window.push(false);
if ctx.damage_window.len() > ctx.damage_window_max {
ctx.damage_window.remove(0);
}
}
let bad_count = ctx.damage_window.iter().filter(|&&b| !b).count();
let bad_pct = if ctx.damage_window.is_empty() {
0
} else {
bad_count * 100 / ctx.damage_window.len()
};
let pause_secs = if ctx.consecutive_failures >= CONSECUTIVE_FAIL_LONG_PAUSE_THRESHOLD {
CONSECUTIVE_FAIL_LONG_PAUSE_SECS
} else {
POST_FAILURE_PAUSE_SECS
};
// 7. Damage-jump: too many failures in window → skip ahead by an
// escalating gap. Multiplier capped so we can't accidentally
// skip the entire rest of the disc (observed 2026-05-07: a
// saturated multiplier produced a 56 GB jump). Saturating
// arithmetic on the sector calc as defence in depth.
const MAX_JUMP_MULTIPLIER: u64 = 64; // 64 × 256 × batch sectors
if ctx.damage_window.len() >= ctx.damage_window_max && bad_pct >= ctx.damage_threshold_pct {
let mult = ctx.jump_multiplier.min(MAX_JUMP_MULTIPLIER);
let sectors = 256u64.saturating_mul(ctx.batch as u64).saturating_mul(mult);
ctx.jump_multiplier = (ctx.jump_multiplier.saturating_mul(2)).min(MAX_JUMP_MULTIPLIER);
return ReadAction::JumpAhead {
sectors,
pause_secs: pause_secs + POST_JUMP_EXTRA_PAUSE_SECS,
};
}
// 8. Default: zero-fill the failed batch as NonTrimmed and pause
// before the next read.
ReadAction::SkipBlock { pause_secs }
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
use crate::error::Error;
use crate::scsi::ScsiSense;
fn medium_err() -> Error {
Error::DiscRead {
sector: 100,
status: Some(2),
sense: Some(ScsiSense {
sense_key: scsi::SENSE_KEY_MEDIUM_ERROR,
asc: 0x11,
ascq: 0x05,
}),
}
}
fn hardware_err() -> Error {
Error::DiscRead {
sector: 100,
status: Some(2),
sense: Some(ScsiSense {
sense_key: scsi::SENSE_KEY_HARDWARE_ERROR,
asc: 0x44,
ascq: 0x00,
}),
}
}
#[test]
fn medium_error_with_batch_gt_1_bisects() {
let mut ctx = ReadCtx::for_sweep(32);
let action = handle_read_error(&medium_err(), &mut ctx);
assert_eq!(action, ReadAction::Bisect);
}
#[test]
fn medium_error_with_batch_1_skips() {
let mut ctx = ReadCtx::for_sweep(1);
let action = handle_read_error(&medium_err(), &mut ctx);
match action {
ReadAction::SkipBlock { pause_secs } => assert!(pause_secs >= 1),
other => panic!("expected SkipBlock, got {other:?}"),
}
}
#[test]
fn medium_error_while_bisecting_does_not_recurse() {
let mut ctx = ReadCtx::for_sweep(32);
ctx.bisecting = true;
let action = handle_read_error(&medium_err(), &mut ctx);
match action {
ReadAction::SkipBlock { .. } => {}
other => panic!("expected SkipBlock, got {other:?}"),
}
}
#[test]
fn hardware_error_aborts() {
let mut ctx = ReadCtx::for_sweep(32);
let action = handle_read_error(&hardware_err(), &mut ctx);
assert_eq!(action, ReadAction::AbortPass);
}
#[test]
fn long_failure_streak_extends_pause() {
let mut ctx = ReadCtx::for_sweep(1);
for _ in 0..15 {
handle_read_error(&medium_err(), &mut ctx);
}
// After many consecutive failures we should be in the long-pause regime
let final_action = handle_read_error(&medium_err(), &mut ctx);
match final_action {
ReadAction::SkipBlock { pause_secs } => {
assert!(pause_secs >= CONSECUTIVE_FAIL_LONG_PAUSE_SECS);
}
ReadAction::JumpAhead { pause_secs, .. } => {
assert!(pause_secs >= CONSECUTIVE_FAIL_LONG_PAUSE_SECS);
}
other => panic!("expected long-pause action, got {other:?}"),
}
}
#[test]
fn damage_window_fills_then_jumps() {
let mut ctx = ReadCtx::for_sweep(1);
ctx.damage_window_max = 4;
ctx.damage_threshold_pct = 50;
let mut saw_jump = false;
for _ in 0..6 {
let a = handle_read_error(&medium_err(), &mut ctx);
if matches!(a, ReadAction::JumpAhead { .. }) {
saw_jump = true;
break;
}
}
assert!(
saw_jump,
"expected at least one JumpAhead in 6 failures with 50% threshold"
);
}
#[test]
fn on_success_resets_failure_counters_and_pushes_window() {
let mut ctx = ReadCtx::for_sweep(32);
for _ in 0..3 {
handle_read_error(&medium_err(), &mut ctx);
}
assert!(ctx.consecutive_failures > 0);
ctx.bisecting = false;
ctx.on_success();
assert_eq!(ctx.consecutive_good, 1);
assert_eq!(ctx.consecutive_failures, 0);
assert_eq!(*ctx.damage_window.last().unwrap(), true);
}
}