Files
libfreemkv/src/disc/mod.rs
T
MattJackson 87342290c5 Move codec_privates onto DiscTitle, eliminate duplicate methods
Design fix: codec_privates are now a field on DiscTitle, not a separate
parameter passed through the pipeline. This eliminates the root cause of
the network codec_private bug (forgot to pass the separate param).

API changes:
- output() takes (url, &DiscTitle) — no separate codec_privates param
- MkvOutputStream::create, M2tsOutputStream::create, NetworkOutputStream::connect
  all read codec_privates from title.codec_privates
- M2tsMeta::from_title() takes only &DiscTitle — reads privates from title
- Deleted from_title_with_privates (was the wrong-name duplicate)
- Merged read_header + read_header_from_stream into one read_header(impl Read)
- Deleted finish(self) from TsMuxer, keep only finish(&mut self)

Rule: ONE public method per action. No _with_X, _from_Y, _ref variants.
2026-04-15 16:52:06 +00:00

1603 lines
50 KiB
Rust

//! Disc structure -- scan titles, streams, and sector ranges from a Blu-ray disc.
//!
//! This is the high-level API for disc content. The CLI calls this,
//! never parses MPLS/CLPI/UDF directly.
//!
//! Usage:
//! let disc = Disc::scan(&mut session)?;
//! for title in disc.titles() { ... }
//! for stream in title.streams() { ... }
mod bluray;
mod dvd;
mod encrypt;
use crate::drive::Drive;
use crate::error::{Error, Result};
use crate::sector::SectorReader;
use crate::speed::DriveSpeed;
use crate::udf;
use encrypt::HandshakeResult;
// ─── Public types ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/// A scanned Blu-ray disc.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct Disc {
/// UDF Volume Identifier from Primary Volume Descriptor (always present)
pub volume_id: String,
/// Disc title from META/DL/bdmt_eng.xml (None if disc has no metadata)
pub meta_title: Option<String>,
/// Disc format (BD, UHD, DVD)
pub format: DiscFormat,
/// Disc capacity in sectors
pub capacity_sectors: u32,
/// Disc capacity in bytes
pub capacity_bytes: u64,
/// Number of layers (1 = single, 2 = dual)
pub layers: u8,
/// Titles sorted by duration (longest first), then playlist name
pub titles: Vec<DiscTitle>,
/// Disc region
pub region: DiscRegion,
/// AACS state -- None if disc is unencrypted or keys unavailable
pub aacs: Option<AacsState>,
/// CSS state -- None if not a CSS-encrypted DVD
pub css: Option<crate::css::CssState>,
/// Whether this disc requires decryption (AACS or CSS)
pub encrypted: bool,
/// Content format (BD transport stream vs DVD program stream)
pub content_format: ContentFormat,
}
/// Content format — determines how sectors are interpreted downstream.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum ContentFormat {
/// Blu-ray BD Transport Stream (192-byte packets)
BdTs,
/// DVD MPEG-2 Program Stream (VOB)
MpegPs,
}
/// Disc format.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum DiscFormat {
/// 4K UHD Blu-ray (HEVC 2160p)
Uhd,
/// Standard Blu-ray (1080p/1080i)
BluRay,
/// DVD
Dvd,
/// Unknown
Unknown,
}
/// Disc playback region.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq)]
pub enum DiscRegion {
/// Region-free (all UHD discs, some BD/DVD)
Free,
/// Blu-ray regions (A/B/C or combination)
BluRay(Vec<BdRegion>),
/// DVD regions (1-8 or combination)
Dvd(Vec<u8>),
}
/// Blu-ray region codes.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum BdRegion {
/// Region A/1 -- Americas, East Asia (Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia)
A,
/// Region B/2 -- Europe, Africa, Australia, Middle East
B,
/// Region C/3 -- Central/South Asia, China, Russia
C,
}
/// A title (one MPLS playlist).
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct DiscTitle {
/// Playlist filename (e.g. "00800.mpls")
pub playlist: String,
/// Playlist number (e.g. 800)
pub playlist_id: u16,
/// Duration in seconds
pub duration_secs: f64,
/// Total size in bytes
pub size_bytes: u64,
/// Clip references in playback order
pub clips: Vec<Clip>,
/// All streams (video, audio, subtitle, etc.)
pub streams: Vec<Stream>,
/// Chapter points
pub chapters: Vec<Chapter>,
/// Sector extents for ripping (clip LBA ranges)
pub extents: Vec<Extent>,
/// Content format for this title
pub content_format: ContentFormat,
/// Codec initialization data per stream (SPS/PPS, etc).
/// Index matches `streams`. None for streams without codec init data.
pub codec_privates: Vec<Option<Vec<u8>>>,
}
/// A clip reference within a title.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Clip {
/// Clip filename without extension (e.g. "00001")
pub clip_id: String,
/// In-time in 45kHz ticks
pub in_time: u32,
/// Out-time in 45kHz ticks
pub out_time: u32,
/// Duration in seconds
pub duration_secs: f64,
/// Source packet count (from CLPI, 0 if unavailable)
pub source_packets: u32,
}
/// A stream within a title.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub enum Stream {
Video(VideoStream),
Audio(AudioStream),
Subtitle(SubtitleStream),
}
/// A video stream.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct VideoStream {
/// MPEG-TS packet ID
pub pid: u16,
/// Codec (HEVC, H.264, VC-1, MPEG-2)
pub codec: Codec,
/// Resolution
pub resolution: Resolution,
/// Frame rate
pub frame_rate: FrameRate,
/// HDR format
pub hdr: HdrFormat,
/// Color space
pub color_space: ColorSpace,
/// Whether this is a secondary stream (PiP, Dolby Vision EL)
pub secondary: bool,
/// Extra label (e.g. "Dolby Vision EL")
pub label: String,
}
/// An audio stream.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct AudioStream {
/// MPEG-TS packet ID
pub pid: u16,
/// Codec (TrueHD, DTS-HD MA, DD, LPCM, etc.)
pub codec: Codec,
/// Channel layout
pub channels: AudioChannels,
/// ISO 639-2 language code (e.g. "eng", "fra")
pub language: String,
/// Sample rate
pub sample_rate: SampleRate,
/// Whether this is a secondary stream (commentary)
pub secondary: bool,
/// Extra label
pub label: String,
}
/// A subtitle stream.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct SubtitleStream {
/// MPEG-TS packet ID
pub pid: u16,
/// Codec (PGS)
pub codec: Codec,
/// ISO 639-2 language code (e.g. "eng", "fra")
pub language: String,
/// Whether this is a forced subtitle
pub forced: bool,
/// Pre-formatted codec private data (e.g. VobSub .idx palette header)
pub codec_data: Option<Vec<u8>>,
}
/// Video/audio codec.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum Codec {
// Video
Hevc,
H264,
Vc1,
Mpeg2,
Mpeg1,
Av1,
// Audio
TrueHd,
DtsHdMa,
DtsHdHr,
Dts,
Ac3,
Ac3Plus,
Lpcm,
Aac,
Mp2,
Mp3,
Flac,
Opus,
// Subtitle
Pgs,
DvdSub,
Srt,
Ssa,
// Unknown
Unknown(u8),
}
/// Video resolution.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum Resolution {
/// 480i (720x480 interlaced) — NTSC DVD
R480i,
/// 480p (720x480 progressive)
R480p,
/// 576i (720x576 interlaced) — PAL DVD
R576i,
/// 576p (720x576 progressive)
R576p,
/// 720p (1280x720 progressive) — some Blu-rays
R720p,
/// 1080i (1920x1080 interlaced) — broadcast, some BD
R1080i,
/// 1080p (1920x1080 progressive) — standard Blu-ray
R1080p,
/// 2160p (3840x2160 progressive) — 4K UHD Blu-ray
R2160p,
/// 4320p (7680x4320 progressive) — 8K, future-proof
R4320p,
/// Unknown resolution
Unknown,
}
/// Video frame rate.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum FrameRate {
/// 23.976 fps — film-based BD/UHD (NTSC pulldown)
F23_976,
/// 24.000 fps — true film rate
F24,
/// 25.000 fps — PAL standard
F25,
/// 29.970 fps — NTSC standard
F29_97,
/// 30.000 fps
F30,
/// 50.000 fps — PAL high frame rate
F50,
/// 59.940 fps — NTSC high frame rate
F59_94,
/// 60.000 fps
F60,
/// Unknown frame rate
Unknown,
}
/// Audio channel layout.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum AudioChannels {
/// 1.0 mono
Mono,
/// 2.0 stereo
Stereo,
/// 2.1 (stereo + LFE)
Stereo21,
/// 4.0 quadraphonic
Quad,
/// 5.0 surround (no LFE)
Surround50,
/// 5.1 surround — standard BD/DVD surround
Surround51,
/// 6.1 surround (DTS-ES, Dolby EX)
Surround61,
/// 7.1 surround — UHD Atmos beds, DTS:X
Surround71,
/// Unknown channel layout
Unknown,
}
/// Audio sample rate.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum SampleRate {
/// 44.1 kHz — CD audio (rare on disc)
S44_1,
/// 48 kHz — standard BD/DVD/UHD audio
S48,
/// 96 kHz — high-res BD audio
S96,
/// 192 kHz — highest BD audio (LPCM)
S192,
/// 48/96 kHz combo (secondary audio resampled)
S48_96,
/// 48/192 kHz combo (secondary audio resampled)
S48_192,
/// Unknown sample rate
Unknown,
}
/// HDR format.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum HdrFormat {
Sdr,
Hdr10,
Hdr10Plus,
DolbyVision,
Hlg,
}
/// Color space.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum ColorSpace {
Bt709,
Bt2020,
Unknown,
}
/// A chapter point within a title.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct Chapter {
/// Chapter start time in seconds
pub time_secs: f64,
/// Chapter name (e.g. "Chapter 1", "Chapter 2")
pub name: String,
}
/// A contiguous range of sectors on disc.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy)]
pub struct Extent {
pub start_lba: u32,
pub sector_count: u32,
}
// ─── Display helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
impl Codec {
/// Human-readable display name.
pub fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
for (_, name, v) in Self::ALL_CODECS {
if v == self {
return name;
}
}
"Unknown"
}
/// Compact identifier for serialization (lowercase, no spaces).
pub fn id(&self) -> &'static str {
for (id, _, v) in Self::ALL_CODECS {
if v == self {
return id;
}
}
"unknown"
}
const ALL_CODECS: &[(&'static str, &'static str, Codec)] = &[
("hevc", "HEVC", Codec::Hevc),
("h264", "H.264", Codec::H264),
("vc1", "VC-1", Codec::Vc1),
("mpeg2", "MPEG-2", Codec::Mpeg2),
("mpeg1", "MPEG-1", Codec::Mpeg1),
("av1", "AV1", Codec::Av1),
("truehd", "TrueHD", Codec::TrueHd),
("dtshd_ma", "DTS-HD MA", Codec::DtsHdMa),
("dtshd_hr", "DTS-HD HR", Codec::DtsHdHr),
("dts", "DTS", Codec::Dts),
("ac3", "AC-3", Codec::Ac3),
("eac3", "EAC-3", Codec::Ac3Plus),
("lpcm", "LPCM", Codec::Lpcm),
("aac", "AAC", Codec::Aac),
("mp2", "MP2", Codec::Mp2),
("mp3", "MP3", Codec::Mp3),
("flac", "FLAC", Codec::Flac),
("opus", "Opus", Codec::Opus),
("pgs", "PGS", Codec::Pgs),
("dvdsub", "DVD Subtitle", Codec::DvdSub),
("srt", "SRT", Codec::Srt),
("ssa", "SSA", Codec::Ssa),
];
fn from_coding_type(ct: u8) -> Self {
match ct {
0x24 => Codec::Hevc,
0x1B => Codec::H264,
0xEA => Codec::Vc1,
0x02 => Codec::Mpeg2,
0x83 => Codec::TrueHd,
0x86 => Codec::DtsHdMa,
0x85 => Codec::DtsHdHr,
0x82 => Codec::Dts,
0x81 => Codec::Ac3,
0x84 | 0xA1 => Codec::Ac3Plus,
0x80 => Codec::Lpcm,
0xA2 => Codec::DtsHdHr,
0x90 | 0x91 => Codec::Pgs,
ct => Codec::Unknown(ct),
}
}
}
impl std::fmt::Display for Codec {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
f.write_str(self.name())
}
}
impl Resolution {
/// Parse from MPLS video_format byte.
pub fn from_video_format(vf: u8) -> Self {
match vf {
1 => Resolution::R480i,
2 => Resolution::R576i,
3 => Resolution::R480p,
4 => Resolution::R1080i,
5 => Resolution::R720p,
6 => Resolution::R1080p,
7 => Resolution::R576p,
8 => Resolution::R2160p,
_ => Resolution::Unknown,
}
}
/// Pixel dimensions (width, height).
pub fn pixels(&self) -> (u32, u32) {
match self {
Resolution::R480i | Resolution::R480p => (720, 480),
Resolution::R576i | Resolution::R576p => (720, 576),
Resolution::R720p => (1280, 720),
Resolution::R1080i | Resolution::R1080p => (1920, 1080),
Resolution::R2160p => (3840, 2160),
Resolution::R4320p => (7680, 4320),
Resolution::Unknown => (1920, 1080),
}
}
/// True if this is a UHD (4K+) resolution.
pub fn is_uhd(&self) -> bool {
matches!(self, Resolution::R2160p | Resolution::R4320p)
}
/// True if this is an HD (720p+) resolution.
pub fn is_hd(&self) -> bool {
!matches!(
self,
Resolution::R480i
| Resolution::R480p
| Resolution::R576i
| Resolution::R576p
| Resolution::Unknown
)
}
/// True if this is an SD (480/576) resolution.
pub fn is_sd(&self) -> bool {
matches!(
self,
Resolution::R480i | Resolution::R480p | Resolution::R576i | Resolution::R576p
)
}
/// Parse from pixel height (e.g. from MKV track).
pub fn from_height(h: u32) -> Self {
match h {
0..=480 => Resolution::R480p,
481..=576 => Resolution::R576p,
577..=720 => Resolution::R720p,
721..=1080 => Resolution::R1080p,
1081..=2160 => Resolution::R2160p,
_ => Resolution::R4320p,
}
}
}
// Display for Resolution is generated by enum_str! macro
impl FrameRate {
/// Parse from MPLS video_rate byte.
pub fn from_video_rate(vr: u8) -> Self {
match vr {
1 => FrameRate::F23_976,
2 => FrameRate::F24,
3 => FrameRate::F25,
4 => FrameRate::F29_97,
5 => FrameRate::F30,
6 => FrameRate::F50,
7 => FrameRate::F59_94,
8 => FrameRate::F60,
_ => FrameRate::Unknown,
}
}
/// Frame rate as (numerator, denominator) for precise representation.
pub fn as_fraction(&self) -> (u32, u32) {
match self {
FrameRate::F23_976 => (24000, 1001),
FrameRate::F24 => (24, 1),
FrameRate::F25 => (25, 1),
FrameRate::F29_97 => (30000, 1001),
FrameRate::F30 => (30, 1),
FrameRate::F50 => (50, 1),
FrameRate::F59_94 => (60000, 1001),
FrameRate::F60 => (60, 1),
FrameRate::Unknown => (0, 1),
}
}
}
// Display for FrameRate is generated by enum_str! macro
impl AudioChannels {
/// Parse from MPLS audio_format byte.
pub fn from_audio_format(af: u8) -> Self {
match af {
1 => AudioChannels::Mono,
3 => AudioChannels::Stereo,
6 => AudioChannels::Surround51,
12 => AudioChannels::Surround71,
_ if af > 0 => AudioChannels::Unknown,
_ => AudioChannels::Unknown,
}
}
/// Channel count as a number.
pub fn count(&self) -> u8 {
match self {
AudioChannels::Mono => 1,
AudioChannels::Stereo => 2,
AudioChannels::Stereo21 => 3,
AudioChannels::Quad => 4,
AudioChannels::Surround50 => 5,
AudioChannels::Surround51 => 6,
AudioChannels::Surround61 => 7,
AudioChannels::Surround71 => 8,
AudioChannels::Unknown => 6,
}
}
/// Parse from channel count number.
pub fn from_count(n: u8) -> Self {
match n {
1 => AudioChannels::Mono,
2 => AudioChannels::Stereo,
3 => AudioChannels::Stereo21,
4 => AudioChannels::Quad,
5 => AudioChannels::Surround50,
6 => AudioChannels::Surround51,
7 => AudioChannels::Surround61,
8 => AudioChannels::Surround71,
_ => AudioChannels::Unknown,
}
}
}
// Display for AudioChannels is generated by enum_str! macro
impl SampleRate {
/// Parse from MPLS audio_rate byte.
pub fn from_audio_rate(ar: u8) -> Self {
match ar {
1 => SampleRate::S48,
4 => SampleRate::S96,
5 => SampleRate::S192,
12 => SampleRate::S48_192,
14 => SampleRate::S48_96,
_ => SampleRate::Unknown,
}
}
/// Sample rate in Hz (primary rate for combo rates).
pub fn hz(&self) -> f64 {
match self {
SampleRate::S44_1 => 44100.0,
SampleRate::S48 | SampleRate::S48_96 | SampleRate::S48_192 => 48000.0,
SampleRate::S96 => 96000.0,
SampleRate::S192 => 192000.0,
SampleRate::Unknown => 48000.0,
}
}
/// Parse from Hz value.
pub fn from_hz(hz: u32) -> Self {
match hz {
44100 => SampleRate::S44_1,
48000 => SampleRate::S48,
96000 => SampleRate::S96,
192000 => SampleRate::S192,
_ => SampleRate::Unknown,
}
}
}
// Display for SampleRate is generated by enum_str! macro
impl HdrFormat {
pub fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
match self {
HdrFormat::Sdr => "SDR",
HdrFormat::Hdr10 => "HDR10",
HdrFormat::Hdr10Plus => "HDR10+",
HdrFormat::DolbyVision => "Dolby Vision",
HdrFormat::Hlg => "HLG",
}
}
const ALL_HDR: &[(&'static str, HdrFormat)] = &[
("sdr", HdrFormat::Sdr),
("hdr10", HdrFormat::Hdr10),
("hdr10+", HdrFormat::Hdr10Plus),
("dv", HdrFormat::DolbyVision),
("hlg", HdrFormat::Hlg),
];
/// Compact identifier for serialization.
pub fn id(&self) -> &'static str {
for (id, v) in Self::ALL_HDR {
if v == self {
return id;
}
}
"sdr"
}
}
impl std::fmt::Display for HdrFormat {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
f.write_str(self.name())
}
}
impl ColorSpace {
pub fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
match self {
ColorSpace::Bt709 => "BT.709",
ColorSpace::Bt2020 => "BT.2020",
ColorSpace::Unknown => "",
}
}
}
impl std::fmt::Display for ColorSpace {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
f.write_str(self.name())
}
}
// ─── FromStr impls — single source of truth via ALL_* arrays ───────────────
//
// Each enum defines a const array of (str, variant) pairs. Display, FromStr,
// and id() all derive from this one table — no string appears twice.
macro_rules! enum_str {
($name:ident, $default:expr, [ $( ($s:expr, $v:expr) ),* $(,)? ]) => {
impl $name {
const ALL: &[(&'static str, $name)] = &[ $( ($s, $v), )* ];
}
impl std::fmt::Display for $name {
fn fmt(&self, f: &mut std::fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> std::fmt::Result {
for (s, v) in $name::ALL {
if v == self { return f.write_str(s); }
}
f.write_str("")
}
}
impl std::str::FromStr for $name {
type Err = ();
fn from_str(s: &str) -> std::result::Result<Self, ()> {
for (k, v) in $name::ALL {
if *k == s { return Ok(*v); }
}
Ok($default)
}
}
};
}
enum_str!(
Resolution,
Resolution::Unknown,
[
("480i", Resolution::R480i),
("480p", Resolution::R480p),
("576i", Resolution::R576i),
("576p", Resolution::R576p),
("720p", Resolution::R720p),
("1080i", Resolution::R1080i),
("1080p", Resolution::R1080p),
("2160p", Resolution::R2160p),
("4320p", Resolution::R4320p),
]
);
enum_str!(
FrameRate,
FrameRate::Unknown,
[
("23.976", FrameRate::F23_976),
("24", FrameRate::F24),
("25", FrameRate::F25),
("29.97", FrameRate::F29_97),
("30", FrameRate::F30),
("50", FrameRate::F50),
("59.94", FrameRate::F59_94),
("60", FrameRate::F60),
]
);
enum_str!(
AudioChannels,
AudioChannels::Unknown,
[
("mono", AudioChannels::Mono),
("stereo", AudioChannels::Stereo),
("2.1", AudioChannels::Stereo21),
("4.0", AudioChannels::Quad),
("5.0", AudioChannels::Surround50),
("5.1", AudioChannels::Surround51),
("6.1", AudioChannels::Surround61),
("7.1", AudioChannels::Surround71),
]
);
enum_str!(
SampleRate,
SampleRate::Unknown,
[
("44.1kHz", SampleRate::S44_1),
("48kHz", SampleRate::S48),
("96kHz", SampleRate::S96),
("192kHz", SampleRate::S192),
("48/96kHz", SampleRate::S48_96),
("48/192kHz", SampleRate::S48_192),
]
);
impl std::str::FromStr for Codec {
type Err = ();
fn from_str(s: &str) -> std::result::Result<Self, ()> {
for (id, _, v) in Codec::ALL_CODECS {
if *id == s {
return Ok(*v);
}
}
Ok(Codec::Unknown(0))
}
}
impl std::str::FromStr for HdrFormat {
type Err = ();
fn from_str(s: &str) -> std::result::Result<Self, ()> {
for (id, v) in HdrFormat::ALL_HDR {
if *id == s {
return Ok(*v);
}
}
// Also accept display names
for (_id, v) in HdrFormat::ALL_HDR {
if HdrFormat::name(v) == s {
return Ok(*v);
}
}
Ok(HdrFormat::Sdr)
}
}
impl DiscTitle {
/// Empty DiscTitle with no streams.
pub fn empty() -> Self {
Self {
playlist: String::new(),
playlist_id: 0,
duration_secs: 0.0,
size_bytes: 0,
clips: Vec::new(),
streams: Vec::new(),
chapters: Vec::new(),
extents: Vec::new(),
content_format: ContentFormat::BdTs,
codec_privates: Vec::new(),
}
}
/// Duration formatted as "Xh Ym"
pub fn duration_display(&self) -> String {
let hrs = (self.duration_secs / 3600.0) as u32;
let mins = ((self.duration_secs % 3600.0) / 60.0) as u32;
format!("{hrs}h {mins:02}m")
}
/// Size in GB
pub fn size_gb(&self) -> f64 {
self.size_bytes as f64 / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0)
}
/// Total sectors across all extents
pub fn total_sectors(&self) -> u64 {
self.extents.iter().map(|e| e.sector_count as u64).sum()
}
}
// ─── Encryption ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/// AACS decryption state for a disc.
#[derive(Debug)]
pub struct AacsState {
/// AACS version (1 or 2)
pub version: u8,
/// Whether bus encryption is enabled (always true for AACS 2.0 / UHD)
pub bus_encryption: bool,
/// MKB version from disc (e.g. 68, 77)
pub mkb_version: Option<u32>,
/// Disc hash (SHA1 of Unit_Key_RO.inf) -- hex string with 0x prefix
pub disc_hash: String,
/// How keys were resolved
pub key_source: KeySource,
/// Volume Unique Key (16 bytes)
pub vuk: [u8; 16],
/// Decrypted unit keys (CPS unit number, key)
pub unit_keys: Vec<(u32, [u8; 16])>,
/// Read data key for AACS 2.0 bus decryption -- None for AACS 1.0
pub read_data_key: Option<[u8; 16]>,
/// Volume ID (16 bytes) -- from SCSI handshake
pub volume_id: [u8; 16],
}
/// How AACS keys were resolved.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum KeySource {
/// VUK found directly in KEYDB by disc hash
KeyDb,
/// Media key + Volume ID from KEYDB → derived VUK
KeyDbDerived,
/// MKB + processing keys → media key → VUK
ProcessingKey,
/// MKB + device keys → subset-difference tree → VUK
DeviceKey,
}
impl KeySource {
pub fn name(&self) -> &'static str {
match self {
KeySource::KeyDb => "KEYDB",
KeySource::KeyDbDerived => "KEYDB (derived)",
KeySource::ProcessingKey => "MKB + processing key",
KeySource::DeviceKey => "MKB + device key",
}
}
}
// ─── Disc scanning ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/// Standard KEYDB.cfg search locations (compatible with libaacs).
const KEYDB_SEARCH_PATHS: &[&str] = &[
".config/aacs/KEYDB.cfg", // relative to $HOME
];
const KEYDB_SYSTEM_PATH: &str = "/etc/aacs/KEYDB.cfg";
/// Options for disc scanning.
#[derive(Default)]
pub struct ScanOptions {
/// Path to KEYDB.cfg for AACS key lookup.
/// If None, searches standard locations ($HOME/.config/aacs/ and /etc/aacs/).
pub keydb_path: Option<std::path::PathBuf>,
}
impl ScanOptions {
/// Create options with a specific KEYDB path.
pub fn with_keydb(path: impl Into<std::path::PathBuf>) -> Self {
ScanOptions {
keydb_path: Some(path.into()),
}
}
/// Resolve KEYDB path: explicit path first, then standard locations.
fn resolve_keydb(&self) -> Option<std::path::PathBuf> {
if let Some(p) = &self.keydb_path {
if p.exists() {
return Some(p.clone());
}
}
if let Some(home) = std::env::var_os("HOME").or_else(|| std::env::var_os("USERPROFILE")) {
for relative in KEYDB_SEARCH_PATHS {
let p = std::path::PathBuf::from(&home).join(relative);
if p.exists() {
return Some(p);
}
}
}
let p = std::path::PathBuf::from(KEYDB_SYSTEM_PATH);
if p.exists() {
return Some(p);
}
None
}
}
/// A disc with an active drive session -- the main API.
///
/// Owns both the disc metadata and the drive connection.
/// Created by `Disc::open()`. Provides `rip()` to read title data.
pub struct OpenDisc {
pub disc: Disc,
pub session: Drive,
}
impl OpenDisc {
/// Open a drive, wait for disc, initialize, probe, and scan.
/// This is the single entry point -- one call does everything.
///
pub fn open(device: &str, keydb_path: Option<&str>) -> Result<Self> {
use std::path::Path;
let mut session = Drive::open(Path::new(device))?;
session.wait_ready()?;
// Init (unlock + firmware) -- non-fatal if fails
let _ = session.init();
let _ = session.probe_disc();
let opts = if let Some(kp) = keydb_path {
ScanOptions::with_keydb(kp)
} else {
ScanOptions::default()
};
let disc = Disc::scan(&mut session, &opts)?;
Ok(Self { disc, session })
}
/// Rip a title to any output stream.
///
/// Reads sectors from disc, decrypts AACS, handles errors/retries,
/// and writes decrypted BD-TS bytes to the output.
/// Knows nothing about the output format -- just calls `write_all()`.
///
pub fn rip(&mut self, title_idx: usize, mut output: impl std::io::Write) -> Result<()> {
let mut reader = self.disc.open_title(&mut self.session, title_idx)?;
loop {
match reader.read_batch() {
Ok(Some(batch)) => {
output.write_all(batch).map_err(|_| Error::WriteError)?;
}
Ok(None) => break,
Err(_) => {
// ContentReader handles retries internally
}
}
}
Ok(())
}
/// Total bytes for a title (for progress tracking).
pub fn title_size(&self, title_idx: usize) -> u64 {
self.disc
.titles
.get(title_idx)
.map(|t| t.size_bytes)
.unwrap_or(0)
}
}
impl Disc {
/// Disc capacity in GB
pub fn capacity_gb(&self) -> f64 {
self.capacity_sectors as f64 * 2048.0 / (1024.0 * 1024.0 * 1024.0)
}
/// Scan a disc -- parse filesystem, playlists, streams, and set up AACS decryption.
///
/// This is the main entry point. After scan(), the Disc is ready:
/// - titles are populated with streams
/// - AACS keys are derived (if KEYDB available)
/// - content can be read and decrypted transparently
///
/// Scan a disc. One pipeline, one order:
/// 1. Read capacity
/// 2. Read UDF filesystem
/// 3. Resolve AACS keys (all via UDF, no SCSI commands)
/// 4. Parse playlists + streams
/// 5. Apply labels
///
/// The session must be open and unlocked (Drive::open handles this).
/// All disc reads use standard READ(10) via UDF -- no vendor SCSI commands.
pub fn scan(session: &mut Drive, opts: &ScanOptions) -> Result<Self> {
// READ CAPACITY may fail in LibreDrive mode — proceed with 0 and estimate later
let capacity = Self::read_capacity(session).unwrap_or(0);
let handshake = Self::do_handshake(session, opts);
Self::scan_with(session, capacity, handshake, opts)
}
/// Scan a disc image (ISO or any SectorReader). No SCSI, no handshake.
/// AACS resolution uses KEYDB VUK lookup only.
pub fn scan_image(
reader: &mut dyn SectorReader,
capacity: u32,
opts: &ScanOptions,
) -> Result<Self> {
Self::scan_with(reader, capacity, None, opts)
}
/// Core scan pipeline — works with any SectorReader.
fn scan_with(
reader: &mut dyn SectorReader,
capacity: u32,
handshake: Option<HandshakeResult>,
opts: &ScanOptions,
) -> Result<Self> {
// 1. UDF filesystem
let udf_fs = udf::read_filesystem(reader)?;
// 2. Resolve encryption (AACS, CSS, or none)
let encrypted =
udf_fs.find_dir("/AACS").is_some() || udf_fs.find_dir("/BDMV/AACS").is_some();
let aacs = if encrypted {
if let Some(keydb_path) = opts.resolve_keydb() {
Self::resolve_encryption(&udf_fs, reader, &keydb_path, handshake.as_ref()).ok()
} else {
None
}
} else {
None
};
// 3. Titles — BD (MPLS playlists) or DVD (IFO title sets)
let (mut titles, content_format) = if udf_fs.find_dir("/BDMV").is_some() {
(
Self::scan_bluray_titles(reader, &udf_fs),
ContentFormat::BdTs,
)
} else if udf_fs.find_dir("/VIDEO_TS").is_some() {
(
Self::scan_dvd_titles(reader, &udf_fs),
ContentFormat::MpegPs,
)
} else {
(Vec::new(), ContentFormat::BdTs)
};
titles.sort_by(|a, b| {
b.duration_secs
.partial_cmp(&a.duration_secs)
.unwrap_or(std::cmp::Ordering::Equal)
});
// 4. Metadata + labels
let meta_title = Self::read_meta_title(reader, &udf_fs);
crate::labels::apply(reader, &udf_fs, &mut titles);
// 5. Derive format, layers, region
let format = Self::detect_format(&titles);
let layers = if capacity > 24_000_000 { 2 } else { 1 };
let region = DiscRegion::Free;
// 6. CSS detection for DVDs
let css = if content_format == ContentFormat::MpegPs && !titles.is_empty() {
crate::css::crack_key(reader, &titles[0].extents)
} else {
None
};
let encrypted = encrypted || css.is_some();
Ok(Disc {
volume_id: udf_fs.volume_id.clone(),
meta_title,
format,
capacity_sectors: capacity,
capacity_bytes: capacity as u64 * 2048,
layers,
titles,
region,
aacs,
css,
encrypted,
content_format,
})
}
// ── Internal helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/// Detect disc format from the main title's video streams.
fn detect_format(titles: &[DiscTitle]) -> DiscFormat {
for title in titles.iter().take(3) {
for stream in &title.streams {
if let Stream::Video(v) = stream {
if v.resolution.is_uhd() {
return DiscFormat::Uhd;
}
if v.resolution.is_hd() {
return DiscFormat::BluRay;
}
if v.resolution.is_sd() {
return DiscFormat::Dvd;
}
}
}
}
DiscFormat::Unknown
}
fn read_capacity(session: &mut Drive) -> Result<u32> {
let cdb = [
crate::scsi::SCSI_READ_CAPACITY,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
];
let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
session.scsi_execute(
&cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::FromDevice,
&mut buf,
5_000,
)?;
let lba = u32::from_be_bytes([buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], buf[3]]);
Ok(lba + 1)
}
}
// ─── Decrypted reader ──────────────────────────────────────────────────────
/// A reader that reads m2ts content, decrypting transparently if needed.
///
/// Adaptive read strategy:
/// - Starts at max batch size (510 sectors ≈ 1MB) and full disc speed
/// - On read error: halves batch size, brief pause for drive recovery
/// - On repeated errors: reduces disc spin speed (scratched region)
/// - On success streak: ramps batch back up, then restores disc speed
/// - At minimum batch + still failing: retries once, then skips + zero-fills
pub struct ContentReader<'a> {
session: &'a mut Drive,
decrypt_keys: crate::decrypt::DecryptKeys,
extents: Vec<Extent>,
current_extent: usize,
current_offset: u32,
unit_key_idx: usize,
read_buf: Vec<u8>,
buf_pos: usize,
buf_len: usize,
/// Current batch size in sectors (adapts on errors)
batch_sectors: u16,
/// Maximum batch size detected from kernel limits
max_batch_sectors: u16,
/// Consecutive successful batch reads
ok_streak: u32,
/// Consecutive errors at current position
error_streak: u32,
/// Current speed tier index (0 = max, higher = slower)
/// Last time maintain_speed was called
/// Total read errors encountered
pub errors: u32,
}
impl Disc {
/// Get the resolved decryption keys for this disc.
/// Used by disc-to-ISO and other full-disc operations.
pub fn decrypt_keys(&self) -> crate::decrypt::DecryptKeys {
if let Some(ref aacs) = self.aacs {
crate::decrypt::DecryptKeys::Aacs {
unit_keys: aacs.unit_keys.clone(),
read_data_key: aacs.read_data_key,
}
} else if let Some(ref css) = self.css {
crate::decrypt::DecryptKeys::Css {
title_key: css.title_key,
}
} else {
crate::decrypt::DecryptKeys::None
}
}
/// Open a title for reading. Decryption is automatic -- if the disc
/// is encrypted and keys were found during scan(), content is decrypted
/// on the fly. Unencrypted discs pass through unchanged.
///
pub fn open_title<'a>(
&'a self,
session: &'a mut Drive,
title_idx: usize,
) -> Result<ContentReader<'a>> {
let title = self.titles.get(title_idx).ok_or(Error::DiscTitleRange {
index: title_idx,
count: self.titles.len(),
})?;
// Let the drive manage its own read speed after init.
// SET_CD_SPEED is only used reactively by the error handler to slow
// down on read errors, then let the drive recover.
// Detect kernel max transfer size for this device
let max_batch = detect_max_batch_sectors(session.device_path());
let decrypt_keys = if let Some(ref aacs) = self.aacs {
crate::decrypt::DecryptKeys::Aacs {
unit_keys: aacs.unit_keys.clone(),
read_data_key: aacs.read_data_key,
}
} else if let Some(ref css) = self.css {
crate::decrypt::DecryptKeys::Css {
title_key: css.title_key,
}
} else {
crate::decrypt::DecryptKeys::None
};
Ok(ContentReader {
session,
decrypt_keys,
extents: title.extents.clone(),
current_extent: 0,
current_offset: 0,
unit_key_idx: 0,
read_buf: Vec::with_capacity(max_batch as usize * 2048),
buf_pos: 0,
buf_len: 0,
batch_sectors: max_batch,
max_batch_sectors: max_batch,
ok_streak: 0,
error_streak: 0,
errors: 0,
})
}
}
/// Detect the maximum transfer size in sectors for a device.
/// Reads /sys/block/<dev>/queue/max_hw_sectors_kb on Linux.
/// For sg devices, resolves the corresponding block device via sysfs.
/// Returns a value aligned to 3 sectors (one aligned unit).
pub fn detect_max_batch_sectors(device_path: &str) -> u16 {
let dev_name = device_path.rsplit('/').next().unwrap_or("");
if dev_name.is_empty() {
return DEFAULT_BATCH_SECTORS;
}
// For sg devices, find the corresponding block device name
let block_name = if dev_name.starts_with("sg") {
let block_dir = format!("/sys/class/scsi_generic/{dev_name}/device/block");
std::fs::read_dir(&block_dir)
.ok()
.and_then(|mut entries| entries.next())
.and_then(|e| e.ok())
.map(|e| e.file_name().to_string_lossy().to_string())
} else {
Some(dev_name.to_string())
};
if let Some(bname) = block_name {
let sysfs_path = format!("/sys/block/{bname}/queue/max_hw_sectors_kb");
if let Ok(content) = std::fs::read_to_string(&sysfs_path) {
if let Ok(kb) = content.trim().parse::<u32>() {
// Convert KB to sectors (1 sector = 2 KB = 2048 bytes)
let sectors = (kb / 2) as u16;
// Align down to 3 (one aligned unit)
let aligned = (sectors / 3) * 3;
if aligned >= MIN_BATCH_SECTORS {
return aligned.min(MAX_BATCH_SECTORS);
}
}
}
}
// Fallback: safe default well under typical kernel limits
DEFAULT_BATCH_SECTORS
}
/// Read strategy constants
pub(crate) const MAX_BATCH_SECTORS: u16 = 510; // absolute max (170 aligned units ≈ 1MB)
pub(crate) const DEFAULT_BATCH_SECTORS: u16 = 60; // fallback: typical kernel limit (120KB = 60 sectors)
pub(crate) const MIN_BATCH_SECTORS: u16 = 3; // 1 aligned unit = 6KB (error recovery)
pub(crate) const RAMP_BATCH_AFTER: u32 = 5; // successes before doubling batch size
pub(crate) const RAMP_SPEED_AFTER: u32 = 50; // successes at max batch before restoring speed
pub(crate) const SLOW_SPEED_AFTER: u32 = 3; // consecutive errors before reducing disc speed
impl<'a> ContentReader<'a> {
/// Total bytes across all extents (for progress display).
pub fn total_bytes(&self) -> u64 {
self.extents
.iter()
.map(|e| e.sector_count as u64 * 2048)
.sum()
}
/// Read the next aligned unit (6144 bytes).
/// Automatically decrypted if AACS keys are available.
/// Returns None when all extents are exhausted.
pub fn read_unit(&mut self) -> Result<Option<Vec<u8>>> {
// Refill buffer if empty
if self.buf_pos >= self.buf_len && !self.fill_buffer()? {
return Ok(None);
}
// Extract one aligned unit from buffer
let start = self.buf_pos * crate::aacs::ALIGNED_UNIT_LEN;
let end = start + crate::aacs::ALIGNED_UNIT_LEN;
let mut unit = self.read_buf[start..end].to_vec();
// Decrypt if needed
self.decrypt_unit(&mut unit)?;
self.buf_pos += 1;
Ok(Some(unit))
}
/// Read the next batch of aligned units, decrypted in-place.
/// Returns the decrypted data as a single contiguous slice.
/// More efficient than read_unit() -- one write_all() per batch instead of per unit.
/// Returns None when all extents are exhausted.
pub fn read_batch(&mut self) -> Result<Option<&[u8]>> {
if !self.fill_buffer()? {
return Ok(None);
}
// Decrypt all units in the buffer in-place
let unit_len = crate::aacs::ALIGNED_UNIT_LEN;
let total_bytes = self.buf_len * unit_len;
crate::decrypt::decrypt_sectors(
&mut self.read_buf[..total_bytes],
&self.decrypt_keys,
self.unit_key_idx,
)?;
self.buf_pos = self.buf_len;
Ok(Some(&self.read_buf[..total_bytes]))
}
/// Decrypt a single aligned unit in-place if needed.
fn decrypt_unit(&self, unit: &mut [u8]) -> Result<()> {
crate::decrypt::decrypt_sectors(unit, &self.decrypt_keys, self.unit_key_idx)
}
/// Read sectors via standard READ(10) 0x00.
/// calibration primers. Standard reads are faster on most drives.
fn read_sectors(&mut self, lba: u32, count: u16) -> Result<()> {
self.session.read(lba, count, &mut self.read_buf)?;
Ok(())
}
/// Read a batch of sectors into the internal buffer.
///
/// Error handling:
/// - First error: re-init drive (may have re-locked), halve batch
/// - Repeated errors: reduce speed, keep halving batch
/// - At minimum batch: retry once, then skip + zero-fill
/// - After sustained success: ramp batch back up, restore max speed
fn fill_buffer(&mut self) -> Result<bool> {
loop {
if self.current_extent >= self.extents.len() {
return Ok(false);
}
let ext_start = self.extents[self.current_extent].start_lba;
let ext_sectors = self.extents[self.current_extent].sector_count;
let remaining = ext_sectors.saturating_sub(self.current_offset);
// Align to 3 sectors (one aligned unit)
let sectors_to_read = remaining.min(self.batch_sectors as u32) as u16;
let sectors_to_read = sectors_to_read - (sectors_to_read % 3);
if sectors_to_read == 0 {
self.current_extent += 1;
self.current_offset = 0;
continue;
}
let lba = ext_start + self.current_offset;
let byte_count = sectors_to_read as usize * 2048;
self.read_buf.resize(byte_count, 0);
match self.read_sectors(lba, sectors_to_read) {
Ok(_) => {
self.buf_len = sectors_to_read as usize / 3;
self.buf_pos = 0;
self.current_offset += sectors_to_read as u32;
self.error_streak = 0;
if self.current_offset >= ext_sectors {
self.current_extent += 1;
self.current_offset = 0;
}
// Ramp up batch size after consecutive successes
self.ok_streak += 1;
if self.batch_sectors < self.max_batch_sectors
&& self.ok_streak >= RAMP_BATCH_AFTER
{
self.batch_sectors = (self.batch_sectors * 2).min(self.max_batch_sectors);
self.ok_streak = 0;
}
// Restore max speed after sustained success at full batch
if self.batch_sectors == self.max_batch_sectors
&& self.ok_streak >= RAMP_SPEED_AFTER
{
self.session.set_speed(0xFFFF);
self.ok_streak = 0;
}
return Ok(true);
}
Err(_) => {
self.errors += 1;
self.error_streak += 1;
self.ok_streak = 0;
// First error: re-init (drive may have re-locked)
if self.error_streak == 1 {
let _ = self.session.init();
let _ = self.session.probe_disc();
}
// Repeated errors: slow down
if self.error_streak >= SLOW_SPEED_AFTER {
self.session.set_speed(DriveSpeed::BD2x.to_kbps());
self.error_streak = 0;
}
if self.batch_sectors > MIN_BATCH_SECTORS {
self.batch_sectors = (self.batch_sectors / 2).max(MIN_BATCH_SECTORS);
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(100));
} else {
// At minimum batch -- retry once with longer pause
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(500));
self.read_buf.resize(MIN_BATCH_SECTORS as usize * 2048, 0);
if self.read_sectors(lba, MIN_BATCH_SECTORS).is_ok() {
self.buf_len = 1;
self.buf_pos = 0;
self.error_streak = 0;
self.current_offset += MIN_BATCH_SECTORS as u32;
if self.current_offset >= ext_sectors {
self.current_extent += 1;
self.current_offset = 0;
}
return Ok(true);
}
// Still failing -- skip this unit (zero-fill)
self.current_offset += 3;
if self.current_offset >= ext_sectors {
self.current_extent += 1;
self.current_offset = 0;
}
self.read_buf.resize(crate::aacs::ALIGNED_UNIT_LEN, 0);
self.read_buf.fill(0);
self.buf_len = 1;
self.buf_pos = 0;
return Ok(true);
}
}
}
}
}
}
// ─── Format helpers ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
// Old format_* functions replaced by Resolution/FrameRate/AudioChannels/SampleRate enums
#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
use super::*;
/// Helper: build a DiscTitle with a single video stream at the given resolution.
fn title_with_video(codec: Codec, resolution: Resolution) -> DiscTitle {
DiscTitle {
playlist: "00800.mpls".into(),
playlist_id: 800,
duration_secs: 7200.0,
size_bytes: 0,
clips: Vec::new(),
streams: vec![Stream::Video(VideoStream {
pid: 0x1011,
codec,
resolution,
frame_rate: FrameRate::F23_976,
hdr: HdrFormat::Sdr,
color_space: ColorSpace::Bt709,
secondary: false,
label: String::new(),
})],
chapters: Vec::new(),
extents: Vec::new(),
content_format: ContentFormat::BdTs,
codec_privates: Vec::new(),
}
}
#[test]
fn detect_format_uhd() {
let titles = vec![title_with_video(Codec::Hevc, Resolution::R2160p)];
assert_eq!(Disc::detect_format(&titles), DiscFormat::Uhd);
}
#[test]
fn detect_format_bluray() {
let titles = vec![title_with_video(Codec::H264, Resolution::R1080p)];
assert_eq!(Disc::detect_format(&titles), DiscFormat::BluRay);
}
#[test]
fn detect_format_dvd() {
let titles = vec![title_with_video(Codec::Mpeg2, Resolution::R480i)];
assert_eq!(Disc::detect_format(&titles), DiscFormat::Dvd);
}
#[test]
fn detect_format_empty() {
let titles: Vec<DiscTitle> = Vec::new();
assert_eq!(Disc::detect_format(&titles), DiscFormat::Unknown);
}
#[test]
fn content_format_default_bdts() {
let t = title_with_video(Codec::H264, Resolution::R1080p);
assert_eq!(t.content_format, ContentFormat::BdTs);
}
#[test]
fn content_format_dvd_mpegps() {
let t = DiscTitle {
content_format: ContentFormat::MpegPs,
..title_with_video(Codec::Mpeg2, Resolution::R480i)
};
assert_eq!(t.content_format, ContentFormat::MpegPs);
}
#[test]
fn disc_capacity_gb() {
// Single-layer BD-25: ~12,219,392 sectors
let disc = Disc {
volume_id: String::new(),
meta_title: None,
format: DiscFormat::BluRay,
capacity_sectors: 12_219_392,
capacity_bytes: 12_219_392u64 * 2048,
layers: 1,
titles: Vec::new(),
region: DiscRegion::Free,
aacs: None,
css: None,
encrypted: false,
content_format: ContentFormat::BdTs,
};
let gb = disc.capacity_gb();
// 12,219,392 * 2048 / 1073741824 = ~23.3 GB
assert!((gb - 23.3).abs() < 0.1, "expected ~23.3 GB, got {}", gb);
// Zero sectors
let disc_zero = Disc {
capacity_sectors: 0,
capacity_bytes: 0,
..disc
};
assert_eq!(disc_zero.capacity_gb(), 0.0);
}
#[test]
fn disc_title_duration_display_edge_cases() {
let mut t = DiscTitle::empty();
// 0 seconds
t.duration_secs = 0.0;
assert_eq!(t.duration_display(), "0h 00m");
// 1 second
t.duration_secs = 1.0;
assert_eq!(t.duration_display(), "0h 00m");
// 59 minutes
t.duration_secs = 59.0 * 60.0;
assert_eq!(t.duration_display(), "0h 59m");
// 24 hours
t.duration_secs = 24.0 * 3600.0;
assert_eq!(t.duration_display(), "24h 00m");
}
}