Files
libfreemkv/src/drive/mod.rs
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Matthew Jackson 835cc990ad DVD vob_start absolute rebase + rc.5.3 audit fixes
- ifo.rs: rebase VTS title VOBS to absolute disc LBA (file_start_lba +
  vtstt_vobs); fixes DVD rips opening on the menu region instead of the
  movie (e.g. SOTL). Adds absolute-placement regression test.
- aacs/boil.rs: add mk_from_pk primitive (PK -> MK via MKB walk).
- dvdnav/: nav-VM command decoder + start-cell resolver seam, parked
  behind USE_NAV_RESOLVER (kept compiled, never executed).
- mux: FVI src.byte within-sector per spec; Unknown colour -> CICP
  unspecified (2,2,2,1); demux clear PCS -> NORMAL; ts.rs feed() base
  reset + boundary provenance fix.
- Assorted audit fixes (doc/comment/test accuracy) across the crate.
2026-06-26 17:03:58 -07:00

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//! Drive session — open, identify, and read from optical drives.
//!
//! A `Drive` is opened from a device path, identifies itself via INQUIRY,
//! optionally unlocks/initializes via a registered [`crate::unlock::Unlocker`],
//! and reads sectors.
pub(crate) fn extract_scsi_context(e: &Error) -> (u8, Option<crate::scsi::ScsiSense>) {
match e {
Error::ScsiError { status, sense, .. } => (*status, *sense),
Error::DiscRead { status, sense, .. } => (status.unwrap_or(0), *sense),
_ => (0, None),
}
}
pub mod capture;
// Per-platform discovery helpers (the `pub(crate)` `find_drives` /
// equivalents). Crate-public so `scsi/{linux,macos,windows}.rs` can
// reuse the existing enumeration logic when shaping `DriveInfo`.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
pub(crate) mod linux;
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
pub(crate) mod macos;
#[cfg(windows)]
pub(crate) mod windows;
use crate::error::{Error, Result};
use crate::event::Event;
use crate::identity::DriveId;
use crate::scsi::ScsiTransport;
use crate::sector::SectorSource;
use std::path::Path;
use std::sync::Arc;
use std::sync::atomic::{AtomicBool, Ordering};
/// Physical state of the drive tray and disc.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq)]
pub enum DriveStatus {
/// Tray is open
TrayOpen,
/// Tray closed, no disc
NoDisc,
/// Tray closed, disc present and ready
DiscPresent,
/// Drive is loading or spinning up
NotReady,
/// Could not determine status
Unknown,
}
// SCSI opcodes used in drive control
const SCSI_TEST_UNIT_READY: u8 = 0x00;
const SCSI_START_STOP_UNIT: u8 = 0x1B;
const SCSI_PREVENT_ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL: u8 = 0x1E;
const SCSI_GET_EVENT_STATUS: u8 = 0x4A;
const SCSI_MODE_SENSE: u8 = 0x5A;
const SCSI_REPORT_KEY: u8 = 0xA4;
/// Optical disc drive session -- open, identify, unlock, and read.
pub struct Drive {
scsi: Box<dyn ScsiTransport>,
/// Name of the [`crate::unlock::Unlocker`] that handled this drive at
/// `init()`, if any matched. `None` means no unlocker matched and the
/// drive runs in stock mode (host-cert AACS handshake carries discs).
unlocker_name: Option<String>,
/// The OEM Volume ID the matching unlocker returned from `unlock()` at
/// `init()`, stashed for the AACS handshake phase (which reads it via
/// [`Drive::oem_vid`] instead of a separate VID read). `None` when no
/// unlocker matched or the matching unlocker produced no VID — the cert
/// handshake then acquires the VID.
oem_vid: Option<[u8; 16]>,
/// True once `init()` has run (whether or not an unlocker matched).
init_ran: bool,
/// Lazily-computed registry-match name for `platform_name()`'s `&str`
/// return before `init()` has run.
matched_name_cache: std::sync::OnceLock<String>,
pub drive_id: DriveId,
device_path: String,
/// Halt flag — when set, Drive::read() bails at the next check point.
halt: Arc<AtomicBool>,
/// Event handler — fires for read errors and library-level state changes.
event_fn: Option<Box<dyn Fn(Event) + Send>>,
/// Linux only: raw fd for the corresponding block device (`/dev/sr*`)
/// used as a recovery fallback when SCSI READ via `/dev/sg*` returns
/// an error. The kernel `sr_mod` driver auto-retries failed reads
/// (~5× per command) — historically the reason `dd if=/dev/sr0`
/// recovers ~50% of bad sectors that single-shot `SG_IO` READ
/// misses on the same drive. `None` when the block device couldn't
/// be resolved or opened (no fallback in that case; SCSI read
/// errors propagate as before).
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
block_dev_fd: Option<std::os::unix::io::RawFd>,
}
impl Drive {
pub fn open(device: &Path) -> Result<Self> {
let t0 = std::time::Instant::now();
tracing::info!(target: "freemkv::drive", phase = "open", device = %device.display(), "begin");
let mut transport = crate::scsi::open(device)?;
let drive_id = DriveId::from_drive(transport.as_mut())?;
tracing::info!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
phase = "open",
device = %device.display(),
vendor = %drive_id.vendor_id.trim(),
product = %drive_id.product_id.trim(),
elapsed_ms = t0.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
"end"
);
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
let block_dev_fd = open_block_device_for_sg(device);
Ok(Drive {
scsi: transport,
unlocker_name: None,
oem_vid: None,
init_ran: false,
matched_name_cache: std::sync::OnceLock::new(),
drive_id,
device_path: device.to_string_lossy().to_string(),
halt: Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false)),
event_fn: None,
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
block_dev_fd,
})
}
/// Test-only constructor: build a `Drive` over an arbitrary
/// [`ScsiTransport`] (no profile, no platform driver, no block-device
/// fallback) so command-builder/response-parser logic can be exercised
/// against a scripted mock transport.
#[cfg(test)]
fn from_transport_for_test(scsi: Box<dyn ScsiTransport>) -> Self {
Drive {
scsi,
unlocker_name: None,
oem_vid: None,
init_ran: false,
matched_name_cache: std::sync::OnceLock::new(),
drive_id: DriveId {
vendor_id: String::new(),
product_id: String::new(),
product_revision: String::new(),
vendor_specific: String::new(),
firmware_date: String::new(),
serial_number: String::new(),
raw_inquiry: Vec::new(),
raw_gc_010c: Vec::new(),
},
device_path: "test".to_string(),
halt: Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false)),
event_fn: None,
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
block_dev_fd: None,
}
}
/// Get a clone of the halt flag. Set to true to interrupt Drive::read().
pub fn halt_flag(&self) -> Arc<AtomicBool> {
self.halt.clone()
}
/// Halt the drive — Drive::read() will bail at the next check point.
pub fn halt(&self) {
self.halt.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
}
/// Clear the halt flag for the next operation.
pub fn clear_halt(&self) {
self.halt.store(false, Ordering::Relaxed);
}
/// Set an event handler for read recovery events.
pub fn on_event(&mut self, f: impl Fn(Event) + Send + 'static) {
self.event_fn = Some(Box::new(f));
}
fn is_halted(&self) -> bool {
self.halt.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
}
/// Halt-aware SCSI execute. Returns `Err(Halted)` if the flag is set
/// before the command dispatches or by the time it completes. The only
/// path to talk to the drive in the recovery hot loop; keeps Drive::read
/// free of explicit halt checks.
fn checked_exec(
&mut self,
cdb: &[u8],
dir: crate::scsi::DataDirection,
buf: &mut [u8],
timeout_ms: u32,
) -> Result<crate::scsi::ScsiResult> {
if self.is_halted() {
return Err(Error::Halted);
}
let r = self.scsi.as_mut().execute(cdb, dir, buf, timeout_ms)?;
if self.is_halted() {
return Err(Error::Halted);
}
Ok(r)
}
/// Close the drive cleanly. Unlocks the tray and closes the fd.
/// Also runs automatically on Drop as a safety net.
pub fn close(self) {
// cleanup() runs here via Drop
}
/// Shared cleanup — called by Drop (and thus by close).
fn cleanup(&mut self) {
self.unlock_tray();
}
/// Whether a registered unlocker matches this drive (i.e. it can be
/// firmware-unlocked). Queried against the unlock registry by identity;
/// does not require `init()` to have run.
pub fn has_profile(&self) -> bool {
crate::unlock::matching_name(&self.drive_id).is_some()
}
/// Access the SCSI transport for direct commands (used by CSS/AACS auth).
pub fn scsi_mut(&mut self) -> &mut dyn ScsiTransport {
self.scsi.as_mut()
}
/// The OEM Volume ID a matching [`crate::unlock::Unlocker`] returned at
/// [`Drive::init`], if any. The AACS handshake uses this to skip the cert
/// handshake when an unlocker already supplied the VID. `None` when no
/// unlocker matched or it produced no VID.
pub(crate) fn oem_vid(&self) -> Option<[u8; 16]> {
self.oem_vid
}
pub fn wait_ready(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let tur = [SCSI_TEST_UNIT_READY, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00];
let t0 = std::time::Instant::now();
tracing::info!(target: "freemkv::drive", phase = "wait_ready", "begin");
// The poll can take up to 30s (60 × 500ms). Heartbeat it so a slow
// spin-up is visible as steady beats rather than a silent stall.
let mut hb = crate::progress::Heartbeat::new("wait_ready");
for attempt in 0..60u64 {
hb.tick(attempt, 60);
let mut buf = [0u8; 0];
if self
.scsi
.as_mut()
.execute(&tur, crate::scsi::DataDirection::None, &mut buf, 5_000)
.is_ok()
{
tracing::info!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
phase = "wait_ready",
attempts = attempt + 1,
elapsed_ms = t0.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
"end"
);
return Ok(());
}
std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(500));
}
tracing::warn!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
phase = "wait_ready",
elapsed_ms = t0.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
"device never became ready"
);
Err(Error::DeviceNotReady {
path: self.device_path.clone(),
})
}
/// Query the physical state of the drive — disc present, tray open, etc.
/// Uses GET EVENT STATUS NOTIFICATION which works regardless of firmware state.
pub fn drive_status(&mut self) -> DriveStatus {
// GET EVENT STATUS NOTIFICATION: polled, media event class (0x10)
let cdb = [
SCSI_GET_EVENT_STATUS,
0x01,
0x00,
0x00,
0x10,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x08,
0x00,
];
let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
match self.scsi.as_mut().execute(
&cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::FromDevice,
&mut buf,
5_000,
) {
Ok(r) if r.bytes_transferred >= 6 => {
let media_status = buf[5];
// Bits 1-0: door/tray state
// Bit 1: media present, Bit 0: tray open
match media_status & 0x03 {
0x00 => DriveStatus::NoDisc, // tray closed, no disc
0x01 => DriveStatus::TrayOpen, // tray open, no media
0x02 => DriveStatus::DiscPresent, // tray closed, disc present
// 0x03 = tray-open bit AND media-present bit both set:
// a contradictory/transient state. Don't report it as
// ready — autorip must not start a rip on a drive that
// is still settling. Treat as tray-open.
0x03 => DriveStatus::TrayOpen,
_ => DriveStatus::Unknown,
}
}
_ => {
// Fallback: try TUR
let tur = [SCSI_TEST_UNIT_READY, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x00];
let mut empty = [0u8; 0];
match self.scsi.as_mut().execute(
&tur,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::None,
&mut empty,
5_000,
) {
Ok(_) => DriveStatus::DiscPresent,
Err(ref e)
if e.scsi_sense()
.is_some_and(|s| s.is_not_ready() || s.is_unit_attention()) =>
{
DriveStatus::NotReady
}
_ => DriveStatus::Unknown,
}
}
}
}
/// Name of the unlocker handling this drive. After `init()` this is the
/// unlocker that ran; before `init()` it reflects the registry match by
/// identity. `"Unknown"` when no unlocker matches.
pub fn platform_name(&self) -> &str {
if let Some(ref n) = self.unlocker_name {
return n;
}
// Cache the registry match so we can hand out a `&str` borrow.
self.matched_name_cache.get_or_init(|| {
crate::unlock::matching_name(&self.drive_id).unwrap_or_else(|| "Unknown".to_string())
})
}
pub fn device_path(&self) -> &str {
&self.device_path
}
/// Current mounted-disc profile from the GET CONFIGURATION header
/// (Current Profile, bytes 6-7). DVD family is `0x0010..=0x001F`, BD
/// family `0x0040..=0x0043`. This is a stock MMC command — it works
/// before (and without) any firmware unlock. `None` if unreadable.
fn current_profile(&mut self) -> Option<u16> {
let cdb = [
crate::scsi::SCSI_GET_CONFIGURATION,
0x00, // RT=0: header carries the Current Profile
0x00,
0x00, // starting feature 0
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x08, // allocation length = 8 (header only)
0x00,
];
let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
let r = self
.scsi
.as_mut()
.execute(
&cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::FromDevice,
&mut buf,
5_000,
)
.ok()?;
if r.bytes_transferred >= 8 {
Some(((buf[6] as u16) << 8) | buf[7] as u16)
} else {
None
}
}
/// True when the mounted disc is a DVD (profile family `0x0010..=0x001F`).
pub(crate) fn disc_is_dvd(&mut self) -> bool {
matches!(self.current_profile(), Some(p) if (0x0010..=0x001F).contains(&p))
}
/// Initialize drive — unlock + firmware upload.
/// Optional. Adds features: removes riplock, enables UHD reads, speed control.
///
/// The LibreDrive/OEM firmware unlock is required for BD/UHD (AACS) reads,
/// but it puts the drive in an extended-access state where stock CSS
/// authentication no longer works — so a CSS-protected DVD can't be read.
/// For a DVD we therefore SKIP the unlock and run the drive in its normal
/// stock mode; the DVD path then issues standard CSS commands, which a stock
/// drive honors. BD/UHD and any non-DVD/unknown media keep today's behavior.
pub fn init(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let t0 = std::time::Instant::now();
tracing::info!(target: "freemkv::drive", phase = "init", "begin");
if self.disc_is_dvd() {
tracing::info!(target: "freemkv::drive", phase = "init", dvd = true, elapsed_ms = t0.elapsed().as_millis() as u64, "end (stock-mode DVD, no unlock)");
self.init_ran = true;
return Ok(());
}
// Walk the unlock registry: the first unlocker whose identity
// matches runs; none matching leaves the drive in stock mode so the
// host-cert AACS handshake (the OEM route) carries the disc.
let r = crate::unlock::route_unlock(self.scsi.as_mut(), &self.drive_id);
self.init_ran = true;
let r = match r {
Ok(Some((name, vid))) => {
self.unlocker_name = Some(name);
// Stash the OEM Volume ID the unlocker returned for the AACS
// handshake phase (do_handshake reads it via `oem_vid()`).
self.oem_vid = Some(vid.0);
// The matched unlocker may also be able to raise the drive to
// its maximum read speed. Best-effort: a failure here must NOT
// fail the rip — a slow drive still rips. Log and continue.
if let Err(e) =
crate::unlock::unlocker_set_max_read_speed(self.scsi.as_mut(), &self.drive_id)
{
tracing::warn!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
phase = "init",
error = ?e,
"unlocker set_max_read_speed failed; continuing at current speed"
);
}
Ok(())
}
// No unlocker matched, or one matched but only hit a capability
// failure (not firmware-unlockable / no OEM VID): not an error —
// fall through to the OEM host-cert route.
Ok(None) => Ok(()),
// A genuine transport fault during unlock (UnlockError::Scsi)
// propagates here and aborts init — the bus is dead.
Err(e) => Err(e),
};
tracing::info!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
phase = "init",
ok = r.is_ok(),
unlocker = self.unlocker_name.as_deref().unwrap_or("none"),
elapsed_ms = t0.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
"end"
);
r
}
/// Probe disc surface so the drive firmware learns optimal read speeds
/// per region. After this the host reads at max speed and the drive
/// manages zones internally.
pub fn probe_disc(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
let t0 = std::time::Instant::now();
tracing::info!(target: "freemkv::drive", phase = "probe_disc", "begin");
// A DVD runs in stock mode (see `init`); skip the OEM/firmware-path
// disc calibration, which only applies to the unlocked BD/UHD drive.
if self.disc_is_dvd() {
tracing::info!(target: "freemkv::drive", phase = "probe_disc", dvd = true, elapsed_ms = t0.elapsed().as_millis() as u64, "end (stock-mode DVD, no calibration)");
return Ok(());
}
// Disc-speed calibration is firmware-specific and now lives inside
// the unlocker's `unlock()` (run at `init()`). Nothing to do here.
tracing::info!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
phase = "probe_disc",
elapsed_ms = t0.elapsed().as_millis() as u64,
"end (calibration handled by unlocker at init)"
);
Ok(())
}
/// Query a specific GET CONFIGURATION feature by code.
/// Returns the feature data (without the 8-byte header), or None if not available.
pub fn get_config_feature(&mut self, feature_code: u16) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
let cdb = [
crate::scsi::SCSI_GET_CONFIGURATION,
0x02,
(feature_code >> 8) as u8,
feature_code as u8,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x01,
0x00,
0x00,
];
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 256];
let r = self
.scsi
.as_mut()
.execute(
&cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::FromDevice,
&mut buf,
5_000,
)
.ok()?;
// Clamp the transport-reported count to the buffer length: a
// misbehaving driver/bridge could report more bytes than the
// buffer holds, which would panic the slice.
let end = r.bytes_transferred.min(buf.len());
if end > 8 {
Some(buf[8..end].to_vec())
} else {
None
}
}
/// Read REPORT KEY RPC state (region playback control).
pub fn report_key_rpc_state(&mut self) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
let cdb = [
SCSI_REPORT_KEY,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x08,
0x08,
0x00,
];
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 8];
let r = self
.scsi
.as_mut()
.execute(
&cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::FromDevice,
&mut buf,
5_000,
)
.ok()?;
let end = r.bytes_transferred.min(buf.len());
if end > 0 {
Some(buf[..end].to_vec())
} else {
None
}
}
/// Read MODE SENSE page data.
pub fn mode_sense_page(&mut self, page: u8) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
let cdb = [
SCSI_MODE_SENSE,
0x00,
page,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0xFC,
0x00,
];
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 252];
let r = self
.scsi
.as_mut()
.execute(
&cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::FromDevice,
&mut buf,
5_000,
)
.ok()?;
let end = r.bytes_transferred.min(buf.len());
if end > 0 {
Some(buf[..end].to_vec())
} else {
None
}
}
/// Read vendor-specific READ BUFFER data.
pub fn read_buffer(&mut self, mode: u8, buffer_id: u8, length: u16) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
let cdb = crate::scsi::build_read_buffer(mode, buffer_id, 0, length as u32);
let mut buf = vec![0u8; length as usize];
let r = self
.scsi
.as_mut()
.execute(
&cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::FromDevice,
&mut buf,
5_000,
)
.ok()?;
let end = r.bytes_transferred.min(buf.len());
if end > 0 {
Some(buf[..end].to_vec())
} else {
None
}
}
pub fn is_ready(&self) -> bool {
// Ready once init() has run and an unlocker handled the drive.
self.init_ran && self.unlocker_name.is_some()
}
/// Whether libfreemkv should take the OEM extended-access read path.
///
/// Whether a registered [`crate::unlock::Unlocker`] matches this drive.
///
/// An unlocker unlocks *drive functionality* — firmware unlock, OEM VID
/// retrieval, and other vendor capabilities. When one matches, libfreemkv
/// routes both `unlock` and OEM VID through it (VID via the OEM path is
/// decoupled from the host cert + HRL). This mirrors [`Self::has_profile`]
/// — the honest signal is "a registered unlocker claims this drive" —
/// rather than the old const `false`.
pub fn is_unlocked(&self) -> bool {
crate::unlock::matching_name(&self.drive_id).is_some()
}
/// Read sectors from the disc. Single-shot — no inline retries, no
/// SCSI reset.
///
/// `recovery=true` uses [`crate::scsi::READ_RECOVERY_TIMEOUT_MS`] (60 s,
/// matches sg_dd) for the `Disc::patch` pass; `recovery=false` uses
/// [`crate::scsi::READ_TIMEOUT_MS`] (10 s) for `Disc::copy`'s fast
/// skip-forward sweep. Both budgets are generous enough that the drive
/// can finish ECC recovery on a marginal sector — pre-0.13.21 this was
/// 1.5 s on the fast path which forced the kernel mid-layer to time
/// out and escalate while we waited anyway. On any failure returns
/// `Err(DiscRead)` immediately; orchestration (`Disc::patch` multi-pass,
/// `DiscStream` adaptive batch halving) handles retry policy.
///
/// Inline retry phases (5× gentle + reset+reopen + 5× more) were
/// removed in 0.13.6: on some USB-SATA bridges the inline reset wedged
/// drive firmware without ever recovering a sector. The remaining
/// recovery layers (Disc::patch multi-pass, DiscStream batch halving)
/// do not touch the wedge-prone reset path.
pub fn read(&mut self, lba: u32, count: u16, buf: &mut [u8], recovery: bool) -> Result<usize> {
let timeout_ms = if recovery {
crate::scsi::READ_RECOVERY_TIMEOUT_MS
} else {
crate::scsi::READ_TIMEOUT_MS
};
// TRACE, not DEBUG: this fires on every read (hundreds of thousands per
// rip). At DEBUG it floods a bug-report log and buries the real events.
tracing::trace!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
lba,
count,
recovery,
timeout_ms,
"Drive::read enter"
);
// Cap each CDB to the transport's max data-in transfer. A single
// READ larger than the adapter limit fails outright on some
// backends (notably Windows SPTI, where a 16 MiB read exceeds the
// adapter MaximumTransferLength → DeviceIoControl fails → we'd
// mis-read it as a transport failure and spam tiny-read fallbacks).
// For the common small read (count <= max_sectors) this is a single
// read_one call with no behavior change.
let max_sectors = (self.scsi.max_transfer_bytes() / 2048).max(1) as u32;
if count as u32 <= max_sectors {
return self.read_one(lba, count, buf, timeout_ms, recovery);
}
// Large read: split into chunks of at most `max_sectors` sectors,
// each a self-contained READ(10) with the same validation. Any
// chunk error reports that chunk's LBA (more precise than the whole
// request's base LBA).
let mut done: u32 = 0;
let mut total: usize = 0;
let count = count as u32;
while done < count {
let chunk = (count - done).min(max_sectors);
let cur_lba = lba + done;
let byte_off = done as usize * 2048;
let byte_len = chunk as usize * 2048;
let slice = &mut buf[byte_off..byte_off + byte_len];
let n = self.read_one(cur_lba, chunk as u16, slice, timeout_ms, recovery)?;
total += n;
done += chunk;
}
Ok(total)
}
/// Issue a single READ(10) for up to `count` sectors at `lba` into
/// `buf`, with the recovery-timeout already resolved by the caller.
/// This is the byte-identical single-shot read body that `read` calls
/// (once for small reads, in a loop for reads larger than the
/// transport's max transfer). On failure returns `Err(DiscRead)` with
/// `sector = lba` (the failing chunk's LBA) and the preserved SCSI
/// status/sense; a short transfer is treated as a failed read.
fn read_one(
&mut self,
lba: u32,
count: u16,
buf: &mut [u8],
timeout_ms: u32,
// `recovery` only gates the Linux /dev/sr0 pread fallback below; on
// other platforms it is intentionally unused.
#[cfg_attr(not(target_os = "linux"), allow(unused_variables))] recovery: bool,
) -> Result<usize> {
let cdb = [
crate::scsi::SCSI_READ_10,
0x00,
(lba >> 24) as u8,
(lba >> 16) as u8,
(lba >> 8) as u8,
lba as u8,
0x00,
(count >> 8) as u8,
count as u8,
0x00,
];
match self.checked_exec(
&cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::FromDevice,
buf,
timeout_ms,
) {
Ok(result) if result.bytes_transferred == count as usize * 2048 => {
Ok(result.bytes_transferred)
}
// A READ(10) that completes with GOOD status but a residual
// underrun (bytes_transferred < requested) is a SHORT transfer:
// the tail of `buf` still holds stale bytes from a prior read.
// Committing those as recovered/Good is silent data corruption, so
// treat a short transfer as a failed read — the caller marks the
// range NonTrimmed and retries (a loud miss, never a silent commit).
// The sector/file path enforces the same invariant in
// sector/prefetched.rs; this is the live-drive counterpart.
Ok(_) => Err(Error::DiscRead {
sector: lba as u64,
status: None,
sense: None,
}),
Err(Error::Halted) => Err(Error::Halted),
Err(e) => {
let (status, sense) = extract_scsi_context(&e);
tracing::warn!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
lba,
count,
inner_error = %e,
scsi_status = status,
"Drive::read checked_exec failed"
);
// /dev/sr0 pread fallback (Linux only). The kernel
// sr_mod driver auto-retries failed reads (~5× per
// command). Empirically (BU40N + a UHD disc,
// 2026-05-08) dd via /dev/sr0 recovers ~50% of bad
// sectors that a single-shot SG_IO READ misses.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
if recovery {
if let Some(fd) = self.block_dev_fd {
let len = count as usize * 2048;
if buf.len() >= len {
let offset = lba as i64 * 2048;
// Drop kernel cache for this region so we get
// a fresh device read, not stale page-cache
// data from a prior successful neighbour read.
let _ = unsafe {
libc::posix_fadvise(
fd,
offset,
len as i64,
libc::POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED,
)
};
let n = unsafe {
libc::pread(fd, buf.as_mut_ptr() as *mut libc::c_void, len, offset)
};
if n == len as isize {
tracing::info!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
lba,
count,
bytes = len,
"Drive::read recovered via /dev/sr0 pread fallback"
);
return Ok(len);
}
tracing::debug!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
lba,
count,
pread_ret = n as i64,
errno = std::io::Error::last_os_error().raw_os_error().unwrap_or(0),
"/dev/sr0 pread fallback also failed"
);
}
}
}
Err(Error::DiscRead {
sector: lba as u64,
status: Some(status),
sense,
})
}
}
}
/// Read the disc capacity in sectors (2048 bytes each).
pub fn read_capacity(&mut self) -> Result<u32> {
let cdb = [
crate::scsi::SCSI_READ_CAPACITY,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
];
let mut buf = [0u8; 8];
let result = self.scsi.as_mut().execute(
&cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::FromDevice,
&mut buf,
5_000,
)?;
decode_read_capacity(&buf, result.bytes_transferred)
}
pub fn set_speed(&mut self, speed_kbs: u16) {
let cdb = crate::scsi::build_set_cd_speed(speed_kbs);
let mut dummy = [0u8; 0];
let _ = self.scsi_execute(&cdb, crate::scsi::DataDirection::None, &mut dummy, 5_000);
}
/// Lock the tray so the disc cannot be ejected during a rip.
pub fn lock_tray(&mut self) {
let prevent = [
SCSI_PREVENT_ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x01,
0x00,
];
let mut buf = [0u8; 0];
let _ =
self.scsi
.as_mut()
.execute(&prevent, crate::scsi::DataDirection::None, &mut buf, 5_000);
}
/// Unlock the tray so the user can manually eject the disc.
pub fn unlock_tray(&mut self) {
let allow = [
SCSI_PREVENT_ALLOW_MEDIUM_REMOVAL,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
0x00,
];
let mut buf = [0u8; 0];
let _ =
self.scsi
.as_mut()
.execute(&allow, crate::scsi::DataDirection::None, &mut buf, 5_000);
}
/// Eject the disc tray. Unlocks first, then ejects.
pub fn eject(&mut self) -> Result<()> {
self.unlock_tray();
let eject_cdb = [SCSI_START_STOP_UNIT, 0, 0, 0, 0x02, 0];
let mut buf = [0u8; 0];
self.scsi.as_mut().execute(
&eject_cdb,
crate::scsi::DataDirection::None,
&mut buf,
30_000,
)?;
Ok(())
}
pub fn scsi_execute(
&mut self,
cdb: &[u8],
direction: crate::scsi::DataDirection,
buf: &mut [u8],
timeout_ms: u32,
) -> Result<crate::scsi::ScsiResult> {
self.scsi.as_mut().execute(cdb, direction, buf, timeout_ms)
}
}
impl Drop for Drive {
fn drop(&mut self) {
self.cleanup();
// SgIoTransport::drop() runs next, calling libc::close(fd)
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
if let Some(fd) = self.block_dev_fd.take() {
unsafe { libc::close(fd) };
}
}
}
/// Resolve a `/dev/sg*` path to the corresponding `/dev/sr*` block
/// device by walking sysfs, then open it for read (no `O_DIRECT` —
/// `posix_fadvise(POSIX_FADV_DONTNEED)` flushes the cache before each
/// pread, which avoids buffer-alignment requirements while still
/// forcing fresh device reads).
///
/// Returns `None` on any error (sysfs not present, no matching block
/// device, open failed). Callers treat that as "no fallback available"
/// and propagate the original SCSI READ error.
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
fn open_block_device_for_sg(sg_path: &Path) -> Option<std::os::unix::io::RawFd> {
let basename = sg_path.file_name()?.to_str()?;
if !basename.starts_with("sg") {
return None;
}
let sysfs_dir = format!("/sys/class/scsi_generic/{}/device/block", basename);
let entries = std::fs::read_dir(&sysfs_dir).ok()?;
let block_name = entries
.flatten()
.find_map(|e| e.file_name().into_string().ok())?;
let block_path = format!("/dev/{}", block_name);
let mut bytes = block_path.as_bytes().to_vec();
bytes.push(0);
let fd = unsafe {
libc::open(
bytes.as_ptr() as *const libc::c_char,
libc::O_RDONLY | libc::O_CLOEXEC,
)
};
if fd < 0 {
tracing::debug!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
sg = basename,
block_path,
errno = std::io::Error::last_os_error().raw_os_error().unwrap_or(0),
"Failed to open block device for fallback; sr0 fallback disabled"
);
None
} else {
tracing::info!(
target: "freemkv::drive",
sg = basename,
block_path,
fd,
"Opened /dev/sr* as recovery fallback for failed SCSI reads"
);
Some(fd)
}
}
impl SectorSource for Drive {
fn read_sectors(
&mut self,
lba: u32,
count: u16,
buf: &mut [u8],
recovery: bool,
) -> Result<usize> {
self.read(lba, count, buf, recovery)
}
fn set_speed(&mut self, kbs: u16) {
Drive::set_speed(self, kbs);
}
}
/// Find an optical drive on this system and open it, **preferring a drive
/// that currently has media**.
///
/// On a multi-drive system (common on Windows, where an empty/not-ready
/// drive can enumerate first) returning the first drive blindly can pick a
/// drive with no disc, dooming the operation. So this opens each candidate
/// in enumeration order, queries [`Drive::drive_status`] (GET EVENT STATUS,
/// which works regardless of firmware state), and returns the first drive
/// reporting [`DriveStatus::DiscPresent`].
///
/// If no drive reports a disc — or `drive_status()` is unavailable/returns
/// `Unknown` everywhere (single-drive or quirky bridges) — it falls back to
/// the first drive that opened, preserving the historical behavior so those
/// setups don't regress.
///
/// For just listing drives without opening (e.g. UI sidebar), use
/// `scsi::list_drives()` — that returns `DriveInfo` (path + identity)
/// without the cost of running every drive's profile + identity probe.
pub fn find_drive() -> Option<Drive> {
select_drive_with_media(
discover_drives()
.into_iter()
.filter_map(|(path, _)| Drive::open(std::path::Path::new(&path)).ok()),
)
}
/// Pick a drive from an iterator of opened drives, preferring one whose
/// [`Drive::drive_status`] reports [`DriveStatus::DiscPresent`]. Falls back
/// to the first drive yielded if none report a disc. Split out from
/// [`find_drive`] so the selection policy is unit-testable against fake
/// drives without touching real hardware.
fn select_drive_with_media(drives: impl Iterator<Item = Drive>) -> Option<Drive> {
let mut fallback: Option<Drive> = None;
for mut drive in drives {
if drive.drive_status() == DriveStatus::DiscPresent {
return Some(drive);
}
// Remember the first drive that opened as the no-media fallback so
// single-drive / status-unavailable setups still get a drive.
if fallback.is_none() {
fallback = Some(drive);
}
}
fallback
}
/// Decode a READ CAPACITY (10) response into a sector count.
///
/// A short transfer (`bytes_transferred < 4`, which would leave the high
/// bytes zero-initialised and decode to a bogus 1-sector disc) is rejected
/// as [`Error::DiscCapacityMalformed`]. The `0xFFFF_FFFF` "capacity exceeds
/// 32-bit" sentinel, whose `last_lba + 1` overflows `u32`, is reported as the
/// distinct [`Error::DiscCapacityOverflow`] so callers can tell an unusable
/// response apart from an over-large disc.
fn decode_read_capacity(buf: &[u8; 8], bytes_transferred: usize) -> Result<u32> {
if bytes_transferred < 4 {
return Err(Error::DiscCapacityMalformed);
}
let last_lba = u32::from_be_bytes([buf[0], buf[1], buf[2], buf[3]]);
last_lba.checked_add(1).ok_or(Error::DiscCapacityOverflow)
}
/// Halt-aware sleep primitive — wakes within ~100 ms of `halt` flipping
/// to true. Kept for the unit tests that cover the slicing behaviour;
/// production code paths no longer sleep on the recovery hot path
/// (recovery loop removed in 0.13.6).
#[cfg(test)]
fn sleep_until_halted(halt: &AtomicBool, total: std::time::Duration) -> Result<()> {
const SLICE: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_millis(100);
let deadline = std::time::Instant::now() + total;
loop {
if halt.load(Ordering::Relaxed) {
return Err(Error::Halted);
}
let now = std::time::Instant::now();
if now >= deadline {
return Ok(());
}
let remaining = deadline - now;
std::thread::sleep(remaining.min(SLICE));
}
}
/// Internal: discover drive paths + IDs without opening full Drive objects.
fn discover_drives() -> Vec<(String, DriveId)> {
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
{
linux::find_drives()
}
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
{
macos::find_drives()
}
#[cfg(windows)]
{
windows::find_drives()
}
}
/// Structured outcome of [`resolve_device`] — a machine-readable signal
/// (no English prose) the application layer can render however it likes.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
pub enum DeviceResolution {
/// Path resolved directly to a SCSI-generic device; no substitution.
Direct,
/// A `/dev/sr*` block path was substituted with the matching
/// `/dev/sg*` SCSI-generic device for raw access (Linux only).
SrToSg,
/// A `/dev/sr*` block path was given but no matching `/dev/sg*`
/// device could be found; the original path is returned (Linux only).
SrNoSgMatch,
}
/// Resolve a device path to its raw SCSI device. Returns the resolved
/// path plus a structured [`DeviceResolution`] signal describing whether
/// any substitution happened; the application layer maps that to UX text.
#[allow(dead_code)]
pub(crate) fn resolve_device(path: &str) -> Result<(String, DeviceResolution)> {
#[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
{
linux::resolve_device(path)
}
#[cfg(target_os = "macos")]
{
macos::resolve_device(path)
}
#[cfg(windows)]
{
windows::resolve_device(path)
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod halt_tests {
use super::*;
use std::time::{Duration, Instant};
#[test]
fn sleep_until_halted_completes_when_not_halted() {
let flag = AtomicBool::new(false);
let t0 = Instant::now();
let r = sleep_until_halted(&flag, Duration::from_millis(150));
assert!(r.is_ok());
assert!(t0.elapsed() >= Duration::from_millis(140));
}
#[test]
fn sleep_until_halted_returns_immediately_if_preflagged() {
let flag = AtomicBool::new(true);
let t0 = Instant::now();
let r = sleep_until_halted(&flag, Duration::from_secs(10));
assert!(matches!(r, Err(Error::Halted)));
// Must wake within one slice (100 ms) — the whole point of the
// primitive is that a 30 s sleep doesn't block Stop.
assert!(t0.elapsed() < Duration::from_millis(200));
}
#[test]
fn sleep_until_halted_wakes_mid_sleep() {
let flag = Arc::new(AtomicBool::new(false));
let f2 = flag.clone();
let t0 = Instant::now();
std::thread::spawn(move || {
std::thread::sleep(Duration::from_millis(150));
f2.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
});
let r = sleep_until_halted(&flag, Duration::from_secs(10));
assert!(matches!(r, Err(Error::Halted)));
let waited = t0.elapsed();
// Flag flipped at ~150 ms; we wake within one 100 ms slice → <300 ms.
assert!(waited < Duration::from_millis(350), "waited {waited:?}");
assert!(waited >= Duration::from_millis(140), "waited {waited:?}");
}
#[test]
fn sleep_until_halted_zero_duration_is_noop_when_not_halted() {
let flag = AtomicBool::new(false);
let r = sleep_until_halted(&flag, Duration::ZERO);
assert!(r.is_ok());
}
#[test]
fn read_capacity_short_transfer_is_rejected() {
// bytes_transferred < 4 must NOT decode to capacity=1 from
// zero-init bytes.
let buf = [0u8; 8];
assert!(matches!(
decode_read_capacity(&buf, 0),
Err(Error::DiscCapacityMalformed)
));
assert!(matches!(
decode_read_capacity(&buf, 3),
Err(Error::DiscCapacityMalformed)
));
}
#[test]
fn read_capacity_full_transfer_decodes_last_lba_plus_one() {
// last_lba = 0x00012344 -> capacity 0x00012345.
let buf = [0x00, 0x01, 0x23, 0x44, 0, 0, 0, 0];
assert_eq!(decode_read_capacity(&buf, 8).unwrap(), 0x0001_2345);
}
#[test]
fn read_capacity_overflow_is_rejected() {
// last_lba = u32::MAX (the "capacity exceeds 32-bit" sentinel) -> +1
// overflows; reported as the distinct DiscCapacityOverflow, not the
// short-transfer DiscCapacityMalformed.
let buf = [0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0, 0, 0, 0];
assert!(matches!(
decode_read_capacity(&buf, 8),
Err(Error::DiscCapacityOverflow)
));
}
}
#[cfg(test)]
mod command_tests {
use super::*;
use crate::scsi::{DataDirection, ScsiResult, ScsiTransport};
/// Mock transport: returns a fixed data payload (copied into the
/// caller's buffer, truncated to fit) on every `execute()`.
struct FixedTransport {
payload: Vec<u8>,
}
impl ScsiTransport for FixedTransport {
fn execute(
&mut self,
_cdb: &[u8],
_direction: DataDirection,
data: &mut [u8],
_timeout_ms: u32,
) -> Result<ScsiResult> {
let n = self.payload.len().min(data.len());
data[..n].copy_from_slice(&self.payload[..n]);
Ok(ScsiResult {
status: 0,
bytes_transferred: n,
sense: [0u8; 32],
})
}
}
fn drive_with(payload: Vec<u8>) -> Drive {
Drive::from_transport_for_test(Box::new(FixedTransport { payload }))
}
#[test]
fn read_capacity_normal_adds_one() {
// last_lba = 0x0000_0063 (99) → capacity 100 sectors.
let mut d = drive_with(vec![0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x63, 0x00, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00]);
assert_eq!(d.read_capacity().unwrap(), 100);
}
#[test]
fn read_capacity_sentinel_does_not_overflow() {
// last_lba = 0xFFFF_FFFF is the "capacity exceeds 32-bit" sentinel;
// +1 would overflow. Must surface DiscCapacityOverflow, not panic
// (debug) or wrap to 0 (release).
let mut d = drive_with(vec![0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0xFF, 0x00, 0x00, 0x08, 0x00]);
assert!(matches!(
d.read_capacity(),
Err(Error::DiscCapacityOverflow)
));
}
/// `disc_is_dvd()` must match the DVD profile family (0x0010..=0x001F)
/// and ONLY that family. A false positive on a BD/UHD profile (0x0040+)
/// would skip the LibreDrive firmware unlock that UHD reads require; a
/// false negative on a DVD would re-introduce the CSS read failure. The
/// Current Profile is bytes 6-7 of the GET CONFIGURATION header.
/// Mutation: widening the range to `..=0x0040` makes the BD-ROM assert
/// fire; a failed/short GET CONFIGURATION must default to NOT-DVD so the
/// unlock still runs.
#[test]
fn disc_is_dvd_matches_only_dvd_profile_family() {
let probe = |profile: u16| {
let mut hdr = vec![0u8; 8];
hdr[6] = (profile >> 8) as u8;
hdr[7] = profile as u8;
drive_with(hdr).disc_is_dvd()
};
// DVD family → DVD (skip firmware unlock, run stock for CSS).
assert!(probe(0x0010), "DVD-ROM");
assert!(probe(0x0011), "DVD-R");
assert!(probe(0x001B), "DVD+R DL");
// BD/UHD family → NOT DVD (must keep today's unlock path).
assert!(!probe(0x0040), "BD-ROM (UHD) must NOT be classed as DVD");
assert!(!probe(0x0041), "BD-R");
assert!(!probe(0x0008), "CD-ROM");
assert!(!probe(0x0000), "no/unknown profile");
// Short / failed GET CONFIGURATION → no Current Profile → NOT DVD,
// so the firmware unlock still runs (safe default).
assert!(
!drive_with(vec![0u8; 4]).disc_is_dvd(),
"short GET CONFIGURATION must default to not-DVD (unlock still runs)"
);
}
#[test]
fn drive_status_tray_open_and_media_present_is_not_ready_to_rip() {
// GET EVENT STATUS reply: byte 5 (media_status) low bits = 0b11
// (tray-open AND media-present, contradictory). Must NOT report
// DiscPresent. Buffer is 8 bytes; bytes_transferred >= 6.
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 8];
buf[5] = 0x03;
let mut d = drive_with(buf);
assert_eq!(d.drive_status(), DriveStatus::TrayOpen);
}
#[test]
fn drive_status_disc_present_maps_correctly() {
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 8];
buf[5] = 0x02; // media present, tray closed
let mut d = drive_with(buf);
assert_eq!(d.drive_status(), DriveStatus::DiscPresent);
}
// ── Mocks for Drive::read single-shot semantics + CDB encoding ──
use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
/// Records the CDB of every execute() and returns a programmable
/// outcome. Lets a test assert both the bytes sent to the drive and
/// how the driver translates the transport result.
struct RecordingTransport {
last_cdb: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u8>>>,
last_timeout: Arc<Mutex<u32>>,
outcome: TransportOutcome,
}
enum TransportOutcome {
/// Report this many bytes transferred (data left as-is).
Ok(usize),
/// Fail with a ScsiError carrying this status + optional sense.
Scsi(u8, Option<crate::scsi::ScsiSense>),
}
impl ScsiTransport for RecordingTransport {
fn execute(
&mut self,
cdb: &[u8],
_dir: DataDirection,
_data: &mut [u8],
timeout_ms: u32,
) -> Result<ScsiResult> {
*self.last_cdb.lock().unwrap() = cdb.to_vec();
*self.last_timeout.lock().unwrap() = timeout_ms;
match self.outcome {
TransportOutcome::Ok(n) => Ok(ScsiResult {
status: 0,
bytes_transferred: n,
sense: [0u8; 32],
}),
TransportOutcome::Scsi(status, sense) => Err(Error::ScsiError {
opcode: cdb[0],
status,
sense,
}),
}
}
}
/// A drive under test plus the handles that observe it: captured CDB bytes
/// and the timeout counter.
struct RecordingHarness {
drive: Drive,
cdb: Arc<Mutex<Vec<u8>>>,
timeouts: Arc<Mutex<u32>>,
}
fn recording(outcome: TransportOutcome) -> RecordingHarness {
let cdb = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
let to = Arc::new(Mutex::new(0u32));
let t = RecordingTransport {
last_cdb: cdb.clone(),
last_timeout: to.clone(),
outcome,
};
RecordingHarness {
drive: Drive::from_transport_for_test(Box::new(t)),
cdb,
timeouts: to,
}
}
#[test]
fn read_builds_read10_cdb_with_be_lba_and_count() {
// Drive::read issues READ(10) (0x28). LBA bytes 2..5 big-endian,
// transfer length bytes 7..8 big-endian (MMC-6). No FUA on this
// path (byte 1 == 0). Distinct nibbles catch a swapped shift.
let RecordingHarness {
drive: mut d,
cdb,
timeouts: _to,
} = recording(TransportOutcome::Ok(4096));
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 4096];
let n = d.read(0x00AB_CDEF, 2, &mut buf, false).unwrap();
assert_eq!(n, 4096, "returns transport bytes_transferred");
let c = cdb.lock().unwrap();
assert_eq!(c[0], crate::scsi::SCSI_READ_10);
assert_eq!(c[1], 0x00, "Drive::read path sets no FUA");
assert_eq!(&c[2..6], &[0x00, 0xAB, 0xCD, 0xEF], "LBA big-endian");
assert_eq!(&c[7..9], &[0x00, 0x02], "transfer length big-endian");
}
#[test]
fn read_recovery_flag_selects_60s_timeout() {
// recovery=true must use READ_RECOVERY_TIMEOUT_MS (60 s); false
// uses READ_TIMEOUT_MS (10 s). Doc: patch pass vs copy sweep.
let RecordingHarness {
drive: mut d,
cdb: _cdb,
timeouts: to,
} = recording(TransportOutcome::Ok(2048));
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 2048];
d.read(0, 1, &mut buf, true).unwrap();
assert_eq!(*to.lock().unwrap(), crate::scsi::READ_RECOVERY_TIMEOUT_MS);
let RecordingHarness {
drive: mut d2,
cdb: _c2,
timeouts: to2,
} = recording(TransportOutcome::Ok(2048));
d2.read(0, 1, &mut buf, false).unwrap();
assert_eq!(*to2.lock().unwrap(), crate::scsi::READ_TIMEOUT_MS);
}
#[test]
fn read_maps_scsi_error_to_discread_preserving_status_and_sense() {
// On a non-Halted failure, Drive::read returns Error::DiscRead
// with sector=lba and the transport's status+sense carried
// through (extract_scsi_context). A 03/11/05 MEDIUM ERROR.
let sense = crate::scsi::ScsiSense {
sense_key: 3,
asc: 0x11,
ascq: 0x05,
};
let RecordingHarness {
drive: mut d,
cdb: _cdb,
timeouts: _to,
} = recording(TransportOutcome::Scsi(0x02, Some(sense)));
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 2048];
let err = d.read(0x1234, 1, &mut buf, false).unwrap_err();
match err {
Error::DiscRead {
sector,
status,
sense: s,
} => {
assert_eq!(sector, 0x1234, "sector must be the requested LBA");
assert_eq!(status, Some(0x02));
assert_eq!(s, Some(sense), "sense triple preserved");
}
other => panic!("expected DiscRead, got {other:?}"),
}
}
#[test]
fn read_transport_failure_status_preserved_for_marginal_routing() {
// Status 0xFF (TRANSPORT_FAILURE) with no sense must surface in
// DiscRead.status so is_scsi_transport_failure() routes it.
let RecordingHarness {
drive: mut d,
cdb: _cdb,
timeouts: _to,
} = recording(TransportOutcome::Scsi(
crate::scsi::SCSI_STATUS_TRANSPORT_FAILURE,
None,
));
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 2048];
let err = d.read(7, 1, &mut buf, false).unwrap_err();
assert!(err.is_scsi_transport_failure());
assert!(err.scsi_sense().is_none());
}
#[test]
fn read_returns_halted_before_dispatch_without_touching_transport() {
// When the halt flag is set, checked_exec returns Halted BEFORE
// execute(); the error must be Halted (not DiscRead), so the
// recovery loop distinguishes user-stop from a read failure.
let RecordingHarness {
drive: mut d,
cdb,
timeouts: _to,
} = recording(TransportOutcome::Ok(2048));
d.halt();
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 2048];
let err = d.read(0, 1, &mut buf, false).unwrap_err();
assert!(matches!(err, Error::Halted));
assert!(
cdb.lock().unwrap().is_empty(),
"transport execute must not run when pre-halted"
);
}
#[test]
fn clear_halt_reenables_reads() {
// halt() then clear_halt() must allow reads again — the flag is
// not sticky.
let RecordingHarness {
drive: mut d,
cdb: _cdb,
timeouts: _to,
} = recording(TransportOutcome::Ok(2048));
d.halt();
d.clear_halt();
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 2048];
assert!(d.read(0, 1, &mut buf, false).is_ok());
}
#[test]
fn read_does_not_truncate_reported_bytes() {
// Single-shot contract: Drive::read returns exactly what the
// transport reported, never a smaller count silently. Transport
// says a full 32-sector batch (65536 bytes) succeeded.
let RecordingHarness {
drive: mut d,
cdb: _cdb,
timeouts: _to,
} = recording(TransportOutcome::Ok(65536));
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 65536];
assert_eq!(d.read(0, 32, &mut buf, false).unwrap(), 65536);
}
// ── Drive::read chunking against a capped transport ─────────────
/// Transport with a small `max_transfer_bytes` that records the LBA +
/// transfer-length of every READ(10) CDB it sees, reports a full
/// transfer for each, and can be told to fail the Nth read with a SCSI
/// error. Lets a test assert the chunk decomposition and per-chunk
/// error LBA.
struct ChunkingTransport {
max_bytes: usize,
/// Recorded (lba, transfer_length_sectors) per READ(10).
reads: Arc<Mutex<Vec<(u32, u16)>>>,
/// If Some(i), the i-th READ(10) (0-based) fails with a SCSI error.
fail_on: Option<usize>,
seen: usize,
}
impl ScsiTransport for ChunkingTransport {
fn max_transfer_bytes(&self) -> usize {
self.max_bytes
}
fn execute(
&mut self,
cdb: &[u8],
_dir: DataDirection,
data: &mut [u8],
_timeout_ms: u32,
) -> Result<ScsiResult> {
// Only track READ(10); ignore other CDBs (e.g. the 6-byte
// PREVENT ALLOW MEDIUM REMOVAL the Drive sends on Drop).
if cdb.first() != Some(&crate::scsi::SCSI_READ_10) || cdb.len() < 10 {
return Ok(ScsiResult {
status: 0,
bytes_transferred: data.len(),
sense: [0u8; 32],
});
}
let lba = u32::from_be_bytes([cdb[2], cdb[3], cdb[4], cdb[5]]);
let count = u16::from_be_bytes([cdb[7], cdb[8]]);
self.reads.lock().unwrap().push((lba, count));
let idx = self.seen;
self.seen += 1;
if self.fail_on == Some(idx) {
return Err(Error::ScsiError {
opcode: cdb[0],
status: 0x02,
sense: Some(crate::scsi::ScsiSense {
sense_key: 3,
asc: 0x11,
ascq: 0x05,
}),
});
}
Ok(ScsiResult {
status: 0,
bytes_transferred: data.len(),
sense: [0u8; 32],
})
}
}
/// A drive under test plus the handle recording each `(lba, count)` read.
struct ChunkingHarness {
drive: Drive,
reads: Arc<Mutex<Vec<(u32, u16)>>>,
}
fn chunking(max_bytes: usize, fail_on: Option<usize>) -> ChunkingHarness {
let reads = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
let t = ChunkingTransport {
max_bytes,
reads: reads.clone(),
fail_on,
seen: 0,
};
ChunkingHarness {
drive: Drive::from_transport_for_test(Box::new(t)),
reads,
}
}
#[test]
fn read_chunks_large_request_to_max_transfer() {
// max_transfer = 4 sectors (4 * 2048 = 8192 bytes). A read of 10
// sectors at LBA 0 must split into 3 READ(10) CDBs: (0,4), (4,4),
// (8,2). The assembled buffer is the full 10*2048 bytes.
let ChunkingHarness {
drive: mut d,
reads,
} = chunking(4 * 2048, None);
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 10 * 2048];
let n = d.read(0, 10, &mut buf, false).unwrap();
assert_eq!(n, 10 * 2048, "returns total bytes across all chunks");
let r = reads.lock().unwrap();
assert_eq!(
*r,
vec![(0, 4), (4, 4), (8, 2)],
"must chunk into 4+4+2 sectors at advancing LBAs"
);
}
#[test]
fn read_chunk_failure_reports_failing_chunk_lba() {
// Same 4-sector cap; fail the 2nd chunk (index 1), which covers
// LBA 4. The error must be DiscRead with sector = 4 (the failing
// chunk's LBA), NOT the request base LBA 0.
let ChunkingHarness {
drive: mut d,
reads,
} = chunking(4 * 2048, Some(1));
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 10 * 2048];
let err = d.read(0, 10, &mut buf, false).unwrap_err();
match err {
Error::DiscRead { sector, status, .. } => {
assert_eq!(sector, 4, "failing chunk's LBA, not the request base");
assert_eq!(status, Some(0x02));
}
other => panic!("expected DiscRead, got {other:?}"),
}
// Reads 0 (LBA 0) succeeded and 1 (LBA 4) failed; the loop stops on
// the error so LBA 8 is never issued.
let r = reads.lock().unwrap();
assert_eq!(*r, vec![(0, 4), (4, 4)], "stops at the failing chunk");
}
#[test]
fn read_small_request_is_single_unchunked_read() {
// count <= max_sectors must take the single-read path unchanged: a
// 3-sector read under a 4-sector cap is exactly one READ(10).
let ChunkingHarness {
drive: mut d,
reads,
} = chunking(4 * 2048, None);
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 3 * 2048];
assert_eq!(d.read(0, 3, &mut buf, false).unwrap(), 3 * 2048);
assert_eq!(*reads.lock().unwrap(), vec![(0, 3)], "single CDB, no split");
}
// ── find_drive media-preference selection policy ────────────────
/// Build a fake drive whose GET EVENT STATUS reply reports the given
/// media_status byte (byte 5 of an 8-byte reply): 0x02 = DiscPresent,
/// 0x00 = NoDisc, etc. Stands in for a real opened drive so the
/// selection policy is testable without hardware.
fn drive_with_media_byte(media_status: u8) -> Drive {
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 8];
buf[5] = media_status;
drive_with(buf)
}
#[test]
fn select_drive_prefers_drive_with_media() {
// Drive #1 has no disc (0x00), drive #2 has a disc (0x02). The
// selection must skip the empty first drive and pick the one with
// media — the Windows multi-drive bug fix.
let drives = vec![drive_with_media_byte(0x00), drive_with_media_byte(0x02)];
let picked = select_drive_with_media(drives.into_iter()).expect("a drive");
let mut picked = picked;
assert_eq!(
picked.drive_status(),
DriveStatus::DiscPresent,
"must pick the drive reporting DiscPresent, not the empty first drive"
);
}
#[test]
fn select_drive_falls_back_to_first_when_none_have_media() {
// No drive reports a disc → fall back to the FIRST opened drive so
// single-drive / quirky setups still get a drive (historical
// behavior preserved). Tag drive #1 distinctly (TrayOpen 0x01) and
// confirm it, not #2 (NoDisc 0x00), is returned.
let drives = vec![drive_with_media_byte(0x01), drive_with_media_byte(0x00)];
let mut picked = select_drive_with_media(drives.into_iter()).expect("a fallback drive");
assert_eq!(
picked.drive_status(),
DriveStatus::TrayOpen,
"fallback must be the first drive yielded"
);
}
#[test]
fn select_drive_none_when_no_drives() {
// No candidates at all → None.
let empty: Vec<Drive> = Vec::new();
assert!(select_drive_with_media(empty.into_iter()).is_none());
}
// ── drive_status branch coverage (GET EVENT STATUS byte 5) ──────
#[test]
fn drive_status_no_disc_maps_correctly() {
// media_status low bits 0b00 = tray closed, no disc.
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 8];
buf[5] = 0x00;
let mut d = drive_with(buf);
assert_eq!(d.drive_status(), DriveStatus::NoDisc);
}
#[test]
fn drive_status_tray_open_maps_correctly() {
// media_status low bits 0b01 = tray open, no media.
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 8];
buf[5] = 0x01;
let mut d = drive_with(buf);
assert_eq!(d.drive_status(), DriveStatus::TrayOpen);
}
#[test]
fn drive_status_high_bits_in_media_status_ignored() {
// Only the low 2 bits of byte 5 are the door/media state; upper
// bits (NEA, etc.) must be masked. 0xFE has low bits 0b10 =
// DiscPresent.
let mut buf = vec![0u8; 8];
buf[5] = 0xFE;
let mut d = drive_with(buf);
assert_eq!(d.drive_status(), DriveStatus::DiscPresent);
}
#[test]
fn drive_status_short_transfer_falls_back_to_tur() {
// bytes_transferred < 6 means the GET EVENT reply is unusable;
// the code falls back to a TUR. FixedTransport always returns
// Ok, so the TUR "succeeds" → DiscPresent. (Buffer length 8 but
// payload only 4 bytes → bytes_transferred = 4.)
let mut d = drive_with(vec![0u8; 4]);
assert_eq!(d.drive_status(), DriveStatus::DiscPresent);
}
/// Transport that fails every command with a programmable error —
/// drives the TUR-fallback NotReady/Unknown branches of drive_status.
struct AlwaysErr {
err: fn() -> Error,
}
impl ScsiTransport for AlwaysErr {
fn execute(
&mut self,
_cdb: &[u8],
_dir: DataDirection,
_data: &mut [u8],
_timeout_ms: u32,
) -> Result<ScsiResult> {
Err((self.err)())
}
}
#[test]
fn drive_status_tur_not_ready_sense_maps_not_ready() {
// GET EVENT fails, fallback TUR fails with NOT READY sense →
// DriveStatus::NotReady (drive spinning up). Doc: drive_status
// fallback branch.
let mut d = Drive::from_transport_for_test(Box::new(AlwaysErr {
err: || Error::ScsiError {
opcode: 0,
status: 0x02,
sense: Some(crate::scsi::ScsiSense {
sense_key: 2, // NOT READY
asc: 0x04,
ascq: 0x01,
}),
},
}));
assert_eq!(d.drive_status(), DriveStatus::NotReady);
}
#[test]
fn drive_status_tur_unit_attention_maps_not_ready() {
// UNIT ATTENTION (media changed) on the fallback TUR also maps to
// NotReady per the is_unit_attention() arm.
let mut d = Drive::from_transport_for_test(Box::new(AlwaysErr {
err: || Error::ScsiError {
opcode: 0,
status: 0x02,
sense: Some(crate::scsi::ScsiSense {
sense_key: 6, // UNIT ATTENTION
asc: 0x28,
ascq: 0x00,
}),
},
}));
assert_eq!(d.drive_status(), DriveStatus::NotReady);
}
#[test]
fn drive_status_tur_other_error_maps_unknown() {
// A fallback TUR failure that is neither NOT READY nor UNIT
// ATTENTION (e.g. transport failure, no sense) → Unknown.
let mut d = Drive::from_transport_for_test(Box::new(AlwaysErr {
err: || Error::ScsiError {
opcode: 0,
status: crate::scsi::SCSI_STATUS_TRANSPORT_FAILURE,
sense: None,
},
}));
assert_eq!(d.drive_status(), DriveStatus::Unknown);
}
// ── get_config_feature: header-strip threshold + clamp ──────────
#[test]
fn get_config_feature_strips_8_byte_header() {
// GET CONFIGURATION reply has an 8-byte Feature Header (MMC-6
// §5.2.2). get_config_feature returns buf[8..end]. Provide a
// 12-byte reply → returns the 4 payload bytes.
let mut payload = vec![0u8; 8];
payload.extend_from_slice(&[0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF]);
let mut d = drive_with(payload);
assert_eq!(
d.get_config_feature(0x010D),
Some(vec![0xDE, 0xAD, 0xBE, 0xEF])
);
}
#[test]
fn get_config_feature_at_exactly_8_bytes_returns_none() {
// end == 8 means header only, no descriptor → None (the `end > 8`
// guard). Boundary against an off-by-one that would return an
// empty Vec instead of None.
let mut d = drive_with(vec![0u8; 8]);
assert_eq!(d.get_config_feature(0x0000), None);
}
// ── report_key / mode_sense / read_buffer empty-vs-some ─────────
#[test]
fn report_key_rpc_state_returns_transferred_prefix() {
// Returns buf[..end] where end = bytes_transferred. An 8-byte
// reply yields all 8 bytes.
let mut d = drive_with(vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]);
assert_eq!(d.report_key_rpc_state(), Some(vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8]));
}
#[test]
fn report_key_rpc_state_zero_transfer_returns_none() {
// end == 0 → None (the `end > 0` guard), never Some(empty).
let mut d = drive_with(vec![]);
assert_eq!(d.report_key_rpc_state(), None);
}
#[test]
fn mode_sense_zero_transfer_returns_none() {
let mut d = drive_with(vec![]);
assert_eq!(d.mode_sense_page(0x2A), None);
}
#[test]
fn read_buffer_returns_prefix_and_clamps() {
// read_buffer allocates `length` bytes; FixedTransport returns
// min(payload, length). Request 16 with a 4-byte payload → 4 bytes.
let mut d = drive_with(vec![9, 9, 9, 9]);
assert_eq!(d.read_buffer(0x02, 0xF1, 16), Some(vec![9, 9, 9, 9]));
}
#[test]
fn read_buffer_zero_transfer_returns_none() {
let mut d = drive_with(vec![]);
assert_eq!(d.read_buffer(0x02, 0xF1, 16), None);
}
// ── No-unlocker paths: init/probe succeed (OEM fallback) ────────
#[test]
fn init_without_unlocker_is_ok_oem_fallback() {
// The test transport's identity matches no registered unlocker, so
// route_unlock returns None. init() must succeed (leaving the drive
// in stock mode for the host-cert handshake), not error — the OEM
// route is the no-match fallback, not a failure.
let mut d = drive_with(vec![]);
assert!(
d.init().is_ok(),
"no-match init must succeed (OEM fallback)"
);
assert!(
!d.is_ready(),
"no unlocker ran → not in unlocked-ready state"
);
}
#[test]
fn probe_disc_without_unlocker_is_ok_noop() {
// Disc-speed calibration moved into the unlocker (run at init).
// With no unlocker, probe_disc is a successful no-op.
let mut d = drive_with(vec![]);
assert!(d.probe_disc().is_ok());
}
// ── decode_read_capacity additional boundaries ──────────────────
#[test]
fn read_capacity_exactly_4_bytes_decodes() {
// bytes_transferred == 4 is the minimum that decodes (the guard
// is `< 4`). last_lba in bytes 0..4 big-endian.
let buf = [0x00, 0x00, 0x00, 0x05, 0, 0, 0, 0];
assert_eq!(decode_read_capacity(&buf, 4).unwrap(), 6);
}
#[test]
fn read_capacity_zero_last_lba_is_one_sector() {
// last_lba 0 → capacity 1 (a single-sector medium), distinct from
// the malformed/short-transfer rejection.
let buf = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0];
assert_eq!(decode_read_capacity(&buf, 8).unwrap(), 1);
}
}