libfreemkv/src/pes.rs

//! Stream — read PES frames in, write PES frames out.
//!
//! A stream is a stream. You read() from it or write() to it.
//! The stream handles its own format internally.
//!
//! disc.read()  → PES frame (sectors → decrypt → demux internally)
//! mkv.write(frame) → MKV file (mux internally)

/// One frame of elementary stream data.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct PesFrame {
    /// Track index (0-based, matches stream info track order).
    pub track: usize,
    /// Presentation timestamp in nanoseconds.
    pub pts: i64,
    /// True if this is a keyframe (IDR for video).
    pub keyframe: bool,
    /// Raw elementary stream data (NAL units, audio samples, etc).
    pub data: Vec<u8>,
}

impl PesFrame {
    /// Serialize to bytes: track(1) | pts(8) | keyframe(1) | len(4) | data
    pub fn serialize(&self, w: &mut dyn std::io::Write) -> std::io::Result<()> {
        if self.track > 255 {
            return Err(crate::error::Error::PesInvalidMagic.into());
        }
        if self.data.len() > u32::MAX as usize {
            return Err(crate::error::Error::PesFrameTooLarge {
                size: self.data.len(),
            }
            .into());
        }
        w.write_all(&[self.track as u8])?;
        w.write_all(&self.pts.to_le_bytes())?;
        w.write_all(&[if self.keyframe { 1 } else { 0 }])?;
        w.write_all(&(self.data.len() as u32).to_le_bytes())?;
        w.write_all(&self.data)
    }

    /// Deserialize from bytes. Returns None at EOF.
    pub fn deserialize(r: &mut dyn std::io::Read) -> std::io::Result<Option<Self>> {
        const MAX_FRAME_SIZE: usize = 256 * 1024 * 1024; // 256 MB

        let mut header = [0u8; 14]; // 1 + 8 + 1 + 4
        match r.read_exact(&mut header) {
            Ok(_) => {}
            Err(e) if e.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::UnexpectedEof => return Ok(None),
            Err(e) => return Err(e),
        }
        let track = header[0] as usize;
        let pts = i64::from_le_bytes([
            header[1], header[2], header[3], header[4], header[5], header[6], header[7], header[8],
        ]);
        let keyframe = header[9] != 0;
        let len = u32::from_le_bytes([header[10], header[11], header[12], header[13]]) as usize;
        if len > MAX_FRAME_SIZE {
            return Err(crate::error::Error::PesFrameTooLarge { size: len }.into());
        }
        let mut data = vec![0u8; len];
        r.read_exact(&mut data)?;
        Ok(Some(Self {
            track,
            pts,
            keyframe,
            data,
        }))
    }

    /// Create from a codec::Frame with a track index.
    pub fn from_codec_frame(track: usize, frame: crate::mux::codec::Frame) -> Self {
        Self {
            track,
            pts: frame.pts_ns,
            keyframe: frame.keyframe,
            data: frame.data,
        }
    }
}

/// A PES frame source or sink. Each implementor is **either** read-only or
/// write-only — never both.
///
/// Implementors fall into two camps:
///
/// - **Read sources**: `DiscStream` (drive or ISO), `M2tsStream` (when
///   constructed from an existing file), `MkvStream` (demux), `NetworkStream`
///   (TCP listener), `StdioStream::input()`. These return frames from
///   `read()` and surface `StreamWriteOnly` (E9001) from `write()`.
/// - **Write sinks**: `MkvStream::create`, `M2tsStream::create`,
///   `NetworkStream::connect`, `StdioStream::output()`, `NullStream`.
///   These accept frames in `write()` and surface `StreamReadOnly` (E9000)
///   from `read()`. Always call `finish()` when done — that's where MKV
///   writes its `Cues` index and `M2tsStream` flushes the TS muxer.
///
/// Direction is established at construction; mixing produces an error code,
/// not a panic. Most consumers don't construct streams directly — call
/// `mux::input(url, opts)` / `mux::output(url, title)` and let URL parsing
/// pick the right type.
///
/// `info()` returns the stream's `DiscTitle` metadata (track list, codec
/// info, duration). For sources it's parsed from the input; for sinks it's
/// the metadata supplied at creation. Stable across all reads.
///
/// `codec_private(track)` exposes per-track initialization data
/// (H.264 SPS/PPS, HEVC VPS/SPS/PPS, AC-3 fscod, etc.) that some output
/// formats need before any frame can be written. `headers_ready()` returns
/// false until enough input frames have been seen to populate every video
/// track's codec-private blob — callers buffer frames they read until
/// `headers_ready()` returns true.
pub trait Stream {
    /// Read the next frame, or `Ok(None)` at end of stream. Returns
    /// `StreamWriteOnly` (E9001) on a write-only sink.
    fn read(&mut self) -> std::io::Result<Option<PesFrame>>;

    /// Write a frame to the sink. Returns `StreamReadOnly` (E9000) on a
    /// read-only source.
    fn write(&mut self, frame: &PesFrame) -> std::io::Result<()>;

    /// Finalize the stream: flush buffered frames, write any container
    /// index (MKV `Cues`), close the underlying file/socket. Idempotent
    /// for read-only streams (no-op).
    fn finish(&mut self) -> std::io::Result<()>;

    /// Stream metadata. Stable across reads — implementors must return a
    /// consistent reference for the lifetime of the stream.
    fn info(&self) -> &crate::disc::DiscTitle;

    /// Codec initialization data for a track (SPS/PPS, AC-3 fscod, etc.).
    /// `None` for tracks that don't need codec_private (raw passthrough).
    fn codec_private(&self, _track: usize) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
        None
    }

    /// True when `codec_private` is available for every video track —
    /// callers buffer input frames until this flips, since some output
    /// formats (MKV) can't write frames without codec init data.
    fn headers_ready(&self) -> bool {
        true
    }
}

/// Wraps any output stream and counts bytes written.
///
/// Progress tracking is a CLI concern — streams don't know their size.
/// Wrap the output with CountingStream, then query bytes_written().
///
/// ```text
/// let mut output = CountingStream::new(libfreemkv::output(dest, &title)?);
/// while let Ok(Some(frame)) = input.read() {
///     output.write(&frame)?;
///     let pct = output.bytes_written() as f64 / total as f64;
/// }
/// ```
pub struct CountingStream {
    inner: Box<dyn Stream>,
    written: u64,
}

impl CountingStream {
    pub fn new(inner: Box<dyn Stream>) -> Self {
        Self { inner, written: 0 }
    }

    /// Total bytes of PES frame data written through this stream.
    pub fn bytes_written(&self) -> u64 {
        self.written
    }
}

impl Stream for CountingStream {
    fn read(&mut self) -> std::io::Result<Option<PesFrame>> {
        self.inner.read()
    }

    fn write(&mut self, frame: &PesFrame) -> std::io::Result<()> {
        self.written += frame.data.len() as u64;
        self.inner.write(frame)
    }

    fn finish(&mut self) -> std::io::Result<()> {
        self.inner.finish()
    }

    fn info(&self) -> &crate::disc::DiscTitle {
        self.inner.info()
    }

    fn codec_private(&self, track: usize) -> Option<Vec<u8>> {
        self.inner.codec_private(track)
    }

    fn headers_ready(&self) -> bool {
        self.inner.headers_ready()
    }
}