libfreemkv

Rust library for 4K UHD / Blu-ray / DVD optical drives. Drive access, disc scanning, stream labels, AACS decryption, CSS decryption, KEYDB updates, and content reading in one crate. Drive-level unlocking is handled internally; consumers work with disc access and decryption only.

DVDs (CSS) decrypt out of the box. Blu-ray and UHD (AACS) require a keydb.cfg (default ~/.config/freemkv/keydb.cfg) supplying disc-specific volume unique keys; no AACS key material is compiled in.

12+ MB/s sustained read speeds on BD. Drive prep (init()) handles unlocking internally via the freemkv-unlock crate — clients never see it; when no drive unlock applies, the library rips via the host-certificate AACS handshake.

Multi-lingual by design — the library outputs structured data and numeric error codes, never English text. Build any UI or localization on top.

Source & API · Technical Docs

Part of the freemkv project.

Install

Consumed by git tag (not published to crates.io):

[dependencies]
libfreemkv = { git = "https://github.com/freemkv/libfreemkv", tag = "vX.Y.Z" }

Quick Start

use libfreemkv::{Drive, Disc, ScanOptions};
use std::path::Path;

// Open drive — identified via INQUIRY
let mut drive = Drive::open(Path::new("/dev/sg4"))?;
drive.wait_ready()?;              // wait for disc
drive.init()?;                     // unlock + prep (handled internally)
drive.probe_disc()?;               // probe disc surface for optimal speeds

// Scan disc — UDF, playlists, streams, AACS (all automatic)
let disc = Disc::scan(&mut drive, &ScanOptions::default())?;

for title in &disc.titles {
    println!("{} — {} streams", title.duration_display(), title.streams.len());
}

// Stream pipeline — read PES frames from any source, write to any output
let opts = libfreemkv::InputOptions::default();
let mut input = libfreemkv::input("iso://Disc.iso", &opts)?;
let title = input.info().clone();
let mut output = libfreemkv::output("mkv://Movie.mkv", &title)?;
while let Ok(Some(frame)) = input.read() {
    output.write(&frame)?;
}
output.finish()?;

Multi-pass recovery rip

For damaged discs the library exposes two flat verbs — Disc::sweep for the forward Pass 1 and Disc::patch for retrying bad ranges. The library never loops; the multipass policy is the caller's job. See docs/rip-recovery.md.

use libfreemkv::{SweepOptions, PatchOptions};
use libfreemkv::disc::{mapfile, mapfile_path_for};
use std::path::Path;

let iso = Path::new("disc.iso");

// Pass 1: disc → ISO. Skip-on-error, zero-fill, write the sidecar mapfile.
disc.sweep(&mut drive, iso, &SweepOptions {
    decrypt: true,
    resume: false,
    batch_sectors: None,
    skip_on_error: true,
    progress: None,
    halt: None,
})?;

// Pass 2..N: retry every non-finished range. Idempotent.
loop {
    let map = mapfile::Mapfile::load(&mapfile_path_for(iso))?;
    let stats = map.stats();
    if stats.bytes_pending + stats.bytes_unreadable == 0 { break; }

    let outcome = disc.patch(&mut drive, iso, &PatchOptions {
        decrypt: true,
        block_sectors: None,
        full_recovery: true,
        reverse: true,
        wedged_threshold: 50,
        progress: None,
        halt: None,
    })?;
    if outcome.bytes_recovered_this_pass == 0 { break; }
}

// Mux from the ISO via the normal stream pipeline (no drive involvement).

What It Does

• Drive access — open, identify, internal unlock + prep, speed control, eject
• 12+ MB/s reads — auto-detects kernel transfer limits, sustained full speed
• Disc scanning — UDF 2.50 filesystem, MPLS playlists, CLPI clip info
• Stream labels — 5 BD-J format parsers (Paramount, Criterion, Pixelogic, CTRM, Deluxe)
• AACS decryption — transparent key resolution and content decrypt (1.0 + 2.0 bus decryption)
• KEYDB updates — download, verify, save from any HTTP URL (zero deps, raw TCP)
• Content reading — adaptive batch reads with automatic decryption
• Stream I/O — unified stream pipeline for reading and writing any format

Streams

Stream	Input	Output	Transport
DiscStream	Yes	--	Optical drive via SCSI
IsoStream	Yes	--	Blu-ray ISO image file (read via stream pipeline; written via Disc::sweep())
MkvStream	Yes	Yes	Matroska container
M2tsStream	Yes	Yes	BD transport stream with FMKV metadata header
NetworkStream	Yes (listen)	Yes (connect)	TCP with FMKV metadata header
StdioStream	Yes (stdin)	Yes (stdout)	Raw byte pipe
NullStream	--	Yes	Discard sink (byte counter for benchmarks)

Streams implement a single unified pes::Stream trait (re-exported as PesStream) exposing read() and write() on one type. input() / output() resolve URL strings to PES stream instances. All URLs use the scheme://path format — bare paths are rejected.

Keys

DVDs (CSS) decrypt out of the box, with no external key file needed.

Blu-rays and UHD (AACS) require a keydb.cfg at ~/.config/freemkv/keydb.cfg (or passed via ScanOptions). No AACS key material is compiled into the binary.

Architecture

Drive                  — open, identify, init, single-shot read
  ├── ScsiTransport    — SG_IO (Linux), IOKit (macOS), SPTI (Windows)
  └── unlock_bridge    — private seam to the freemkv-unlock crate
                         (firmware / AACS cert / CSS bus-auth unlockers)

Disc                   — scan titles, streams, AACS/CSS state
  ├── UDF reader       — Blu-ray UDF 2.50 with metadata partitions
  ├── MPLS parser      — playlists → titles + clips + streams
  ├── CLPI parser      — clip info → EP map → sector extents
  ├── IFO parser       — DVD title sets, PGC chains, cell addresses
  ├── Labels           — 5 BD-J format parsers (detect + parse)
  ├── AACS             — key resolution + content decryption
  ├── CSS              — DVD CSS (bus auth → player-key disc crack → known-plaintext title-key attack)
  └── KEYDB            — download + verify + save

Streams                — unified PES pipeline
  ├── PesStream        — pes::Stream: one trait, read()/write() PES frames
  ├── DiscStream       — sectors → decrypt → TS demux → PES
  ├── IsoStream        — ISO file → decrypt → TS demux → PES
  ├── MkvStream        — MKV mux/demux
  ├── M2tsStream       — BD transport stream
  ├── NetworkStream    — TCP with FMKV metadata header
  ├── StdioStream      — stdin/stdout pipe
  └── NullStream       — discard sink

See docs/ for detailed technical documentation on each module.

Error Codes

All errors are structured with numeric codes. No user-facing English text — applications format their own messages.

Range	Category
E1xxx	Device errors (not found, permission)
E2xxx	Profile errors (unsupported drive)
E3xxx	Unlock errors (failed, signature)
E4xxx	SCSI errors (command failed, timeout)
E5xxx	I/O errors
E6xxx	Disc format errors
E7xxx	AACS errors
E8xxx	KEYDB update errors
E9xxx	Stream / mux errors (URL, PES, ISO, pipeline, demux)

Platform Support

Platform	Status	Backend
Linux	Supported	SG_IO ioctl
macOS	Supported	IOKit SCSITask
Windows	Supported	SPTI

Contributing

Run freemkv info disc:// --share with the freemkv CLI to capture your drive's identity for contribution. Drive-unlock profiles are maintained in the freemkv-unlock repository.

License

AGPL-3.0-only